{"id":937,"date":"2004-12-03T10:18:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/earthquakes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:59","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:59","slug":"earthquakes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/earthquakes\/","title":{"rendered":"Jordb\u00e4vningar"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Jordb\u00e4vningar \u00e4r de d\u00f6dligaste av alla naturkatastrofer. De flesta d\u00f6dsfallen orsakas av raserade byggnader eller br\u00e4nder.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Varje \u00e5r intr\u00e4ffar flera miljoner jordb\u00e4vningar v\u00e4rlden \u00f6ver. M\u00e5nga av dessa uppt\u00e4cks dock inte, eftersom de intr\u00e4ffar i avl\u00e4gsna omr\u00e5den eller \u00e4r mycket svaga. I genomsnitt intr\u00e4ffar 18 st\u00f6rre jordb\u00e4vningar och en stor jordb\u00e4vning varje \u00e5r.<\/p>\n

Den senaste stora jordb\u00e4vningen intr\u00e4ffade p\u00e5 \u00f6n Haiti i V\u00e4stindien. Den haitiska regeringen uppgav att 230 000 m\u00e4nniskor hade omkommit, 300 000 skadats och en miljon blivit heml\u00f6sa.<\/p>\n

Jordb\u00e4vningar f\u00f6rekommer oftast i n\u00e4rheten av stora sprickor i jordskorpan, s\u00e5 kallade \u201cf\u00f6rkastningar\u201d. De intr\u00e4ffar ofta i s\u00f6dra Europa, d\u00e4r tv\u00e5 stora jordskorpsplattor r\u00f6r sig mot varandra.<\/p>\n

\"Satellite
Satellitbild av jordb\u00e4vningen i Turkiet 1999<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Radarinstrumenten p\u00e5 ESA:s satelliter ERS-2 och Envisat g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt att avg\u00f6ra om ytan r\u00f6r sig. De kan m\u00e4ta r\u00f6relsen med en noggrannhet p\u00e5 n\u00e5gra millimeter.<\/p>\n

Radar kan ocks\u00e5 anv\u00e4ndas f\u00f6r att kartl\u00e4gga och bed\u00f6ma skadorna p\u00e5 byggnader, b\u00e5de dag och natt. Detta \u00e4r till stor hj\u00e4lp f\u00f6r r\u00e4ddnings- och \u00e5teruppbyggnadsteamen.<\/p>\n

Det finns fortfarande inget tillf\u00f6rlitligt s\u00e4tt att f\u00f6ruts\u00e4ga jordb\u00e4vningar. ESA:s satelliter tillhandah\u00e5ller dock exakta uppgifter som kan hj\u00e4lpa forskarna i deras arbete. Data som samlats in under m\u00e5nga \u00e5r bidrar till att f\u00f6ruts\u00e4ga framtida jordb\u00e4vningar och att avsl\u00f6ja dolda f\u00f6rkastningar.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Earthquakes are the deadliest of all natural disasters. Most deaths are caused by collapsing buildings or fires. Several million earthquakes occur in the world each year. However, many of these […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/02\/bam_earthquake2\/17900457-2-eng-GB\/Bam_earthquake.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Bam earthquake","esa_banner_credit":"AP Photo \/Kamran Jebreili","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/02\/Bam_earthquake2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-937","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/937","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=937"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/937\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4747,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/937\/revisions\/4747"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=937"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=937"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=937"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}