{"id":841,"date":"2004-12-02T15:46:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/expendable_or_reusable\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:53","slug":"expendable_or_reusable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/expendable_or_reusable\/","title":{"rendered":"Eng\u00e5ngsartiklar eller \u00e5teranv\u00e4ndbara?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Varje g\u00e5ng den europeiska Ariane 5-raketen lyfter fr\u00e5n Kourou faller dess raketsteg ner i havet eller brinner upp i atmosf\u00e4ren. B\u00e4rraketer som Ariane 5 kallas f\u00f6r \u2018eng\u00e5ngsraketer\u2019.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Att kasta bort en raket varje g\u00e5ng den skjuts upp verkar sl\u00f6saktigt och kostsamt. Kostnaderna h\u00e5lls dock nere genom att raketerna tillverkas i serie. De byggs p\u00e5 l\u00f6pande band \u2013 ungef\u00e4r som dyra bilar.<\/p>\n

Eng\u00e5ngsraketer kan ocks\u00e5 bli mycket tillf\u00f6rlitliga. Om en raket misslyckas vid uppskjutningen \u00e4r det ganska enkelt att ta reda p\u00e5 vad som gick fel och \u00e5tg\u00e4rda det.<\/p>\n

Det andra tillv\u00e4gag\u00e5ngss\u00e4ttet \u00e4r att bygga en \u00e5teranv\u00e4ndbar b\u00e4rraket. Hittills har den enda som anv\u00e4nts varit den amerikanska rymdf\u00e4rjan.<\/p>\n

De flesta delarna av rymdf\u00e4rjan \u00e4r konstruerade f\u00f6r att kunna flyga upp till 100 g\u00e5nger. Rymdf\u00e4rjans fasta raketboosters kan ocks\u00e5 \u00e5teranv\u00e4ndas vid behov. Endast den externa br\u00e4nsletanken kastas bort varje g\u00e5ng.<\/p>\n

Shuttle \u00e4r dock mycket dyrt att bygga och att flyga. Detta beror fr\u00e4mst p\u00e5 att det \u00e4r konstruerat f\u00f6r att transportera upp till sju bes\u00e4ttningsmedlemmar. Det m\u00e5ste dessutom t\u00e5la den extrema v\u00e4rmen vid \u00e5terintr\u00e4det i atmosf\u00e4ren och landa p\u00e5 en landningsbana. Inga andra \u00e5teranv\u00e4ndbara b\u00e4rraketer \u00e4r planerade, \u00e4ven om forskningen kring s\u00e5dana farkoster forts\u00e4tter.<\/p>\n

ESA kommer att noggrant granska b\u00e5da alternativen, s\u00e5 att man s\u00e5 sm\u00e5ningom kan fatta ett beslut om hur Ariane 5 ska ers\u00e4ttas.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Every time Europe\u2019s Ariane 5 lifts off from Kourou, its rocket stages fall into the ocean or burn up in the atmosphere. Launchers such as Ariane 5 are said to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/08\/atmospheric_re-entry_demonstrator_-_artist_s_impression2\/17866009-3-eng-GB\/Atmospheric_Re-entry_Demonstrator_-_artist_s_impression.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Atmospheric Re-entry Demonstrator - artist's impression","esa_banner_credit":"ESA - D.Ducros","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/08\/Atmospheric_Re-entry_Demonstrator_-_artist_s_impression2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,41,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-841","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-rockets-technology","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/841","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=841"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/841\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1984,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/841\/revisions\/1984"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=841"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=841"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}