{"id":840,"date":"2004-12-02T15:23:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/liftoff_from_south_america\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:52","slug":"liftoff_from_south_america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/liftoff_from_south_america\/","title":{"rendered":"Uppskjutning fr\u00e5n Sydamerika"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Under de senaste 30 \u00e5ren har alla Europas raketer skjutits upp fr\u00e5n Kourou i Sydamerika. Varf\u00f6r valde Europa en rymdbas p\u00e5 andra sidan jordklotet?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>S\u00f6kandet efter en ny plats inleddes p\u00e5 1960-talet, d\u00e5 Frankrike tvingades \u00f6verge sin uppskjutningsbas i den algeriska \u00f6knen.<\/p>\n<p>Den franska rymdorganisationen valde till slut en plats vid kusten i utkanten av djungeln i Franska Guyana. Den nya platsen l\u00e5g n\u00e4ra en fiskeby vid namn Kourou och inte l\u00e5ngt fr\u00e5n den gamla f\u00e4ngelsekolonin p\u00e5 Dj\u00e4vuls\u00f6n.<\/p>\n<p>Kourou l\u00e5g tusentals kilometer fr\u00e5n Europa, och allt m\u00e5ste byggas upp fr\u00e5n grunden. Det fanns dock flera viktiga f\u00f6rdelar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>uppskjutningarna skulle \u00e4ga rum l\u00e5ngt bort fr\u00e5n stora t\u00e4tbebyggda omr\u00e5den<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>raketer skulle kunna avfyras p\u00e5 ett s\u00e4kert s\u00e4tt \u00f6ver det \u00f6ppna havet i \u00f6ster och norr<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>uttj\u00e4nta raketsteg skulle falla ofarligt ner i havet<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Satelliter skulle enkelt kunna skickas upp i b\u00e5de pol\u00e4ra och ekvatoriella banor.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Europas rymdhamn ligger dessutom mycket n\u00e4ra ekvatorn. Den drar nytta av den slangbelleffekt som orsakas av jordens snabba rotation vid ekvatorn. Detta ger en gratis fart\u00f6kning p\u00e5 1 650 km\/h \u00f6sterut f\u00f6r alla raketer som skjuts upp i n\u00e4rheten. Detta minskar den m\u00e4ngd br\u00e4nsle de beh\u00f6ver medf\u00f6ra och g\u00f6r det m\u00f6jligt f\u00f6r dem att skjuta upp tyngre satelliter.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For the last 30 years, all of Europe\u2019s rockets have been launched from Kourou in South America. Why did Europe choose a spaceport on the other side of the world? 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