{"id":820,"date":"2004-12-02T15:35:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/gravity_assists\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:39","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:39","slug":"gravity_assists","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/gravity_assists\/","title":{"rendered":"Gravitationsassistans"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Som ni vet tenderar en bil att sakta ner n\u00e4r den k\u00f6r uppf\u00f6r ett berg och att accelerera n\u00e4r den k\u00f6r nedf\u00f6r. Man kan s\u00e4ga att bilen f\u00e5r \u2018hj\u00e4lp av tyngdkraften\u2019, eftersom jordens tyngdkraft hj\u00e4lper den att sakta ner eller accelerera. P\u00e5 samma s\u00e4tt \u00e4r det m\u00f6jligt f\u00f6r ett rymdskepp att f\u00e5 en gratis \u00e5ktur, utan att anv\u00e4nda v\u00e4rdefullt br\u00e4nsle.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Gravitationsassistans uppst\u00e5r n\u00e4r ett rymdfarkost flyger f\u00f6rbi en planet eller en stor m\u00e5ne. Detta g\u00f6r att planetens gravitation kan p\u00e5verka rymdfarkosten och \u00e4ndra dess bana.<\/p>\n

Ibland \u00f6kar rymdfarkosten farten, ibland saktar den ner \u2013 beroende p\u00e5 om den passerar bakom eller framf\u00f6r planeten. Gravitationsman\u00f6vern \u00e4ndrar ocks\u00e5 den riktning i vilken rymdfarkosten f\u00e4rdas.<\/p>\n

En av de mest fantastiska gravitationsman\u00f6vrerna anv\u00e4ndes i samband med ESA:s Ulysses-uppdrag. Genom att passera \u00f6ver Jupiters nordpol slungades Ulysses in i en bana som f\u00f6rde den \u00f6ver Solens poler.<\/p>\n

Cassini-Huygens-uppdraget utnyttjade fyra gravitationsman\u00f6vrer (en med jorden, tv\u00e5 med Venus och en med Jupiter) p\u00e5 sin f\u00e4rd mot Saturnus.<\/p>\n

Gravitationen spelade ocks\u00e5 en roll i ESA:s SMART-1-uppdrag. Efter att ha r\u00f6rt sig i en spiral bort fr\u00e5n jorden i 14 m\u00e5nader b\u00f6rjade rymdfarkosten k\u00e4nna av m\u00e5nens dragningskraft. I november 2004 f\u00e5ngades SMART-1 in av m\u00e5nens gravitation och gick in i en bana runt m\u00e5nen.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

As you know, a car tends to slow down when it goes up a mountain and to accelerate when it is going downhill. One can say that the car is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/08\/ulysses_and_the_heliosphere2\/17889541-2-eng-GB\/Ulysses_and_the_heliosphere.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Ulysses and the heliosphere","esa_banner_credit":"ESA (image by D. Hardy)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/08\/Ulysses_and_the_heliosphere2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-820","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/820","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=820"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/820\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1963,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/820\/revisions\/1963"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=820"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=820"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}