{"id":694,"date":"2012-11-30T14:15:00","date_gmt":"2012-11-30T13:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/europe_s_comet_explorers\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:13","slug":"europe_s_comet_explorers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/europe_s_comet_explorers\/","title":{"rendered":"Europas kometutforskare"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Den 13 mars 1986 s\u00e4nde ESA:s rymdsond Giotto tillbaka bilder av ett svart, potatisformat f\u00f6rem\u00e5l som sprutade ut starka str\u00e5lar av material ut i rymden. Det var f\u00f6rsta g\u00e5ngen som n\u00e5gon hade sett den fasta k\u00e4rnan i hj\u00e4rtat av en komet.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Giottos m\u00e5l var Halleys komet, uppkallad efter den brittiske astronomen Edmond Halley fr\u00e5n 1600-talet. Han var den f\u00f6rste som ins\u00e5g att denna ljusstarka komet \u00e4r en \u00e5terkommande g\u00e4st som \u00e5terv\u00e4nder till det inre solsystemet vart 75\u201376 \u00e5r. Dess n\u00e4sta bes\u00f6k p\u00e5 v\u00e5r himmel \u00e4r planerat till \u00e5r 2061.<\/p>\n

Halleys komet \u00e4r den mest k\u00e4nda av de miljontals kometer som kretsar kring Solen. \u00c4ven n\u00e4r den befinner sig i m\u00f6rkret i det yttre solsystemet p\u00e5verkar Halley fortfarande v\u00e5r planet. Varje oktober passerar Jorden genom en str\u00f6m av fint stoft som kometen l\u00e4mnat efter sig, vilket ger upphov till meteorregnet Orioniderna. Halleys komet tros ocks\u00e5 ligga bakom meteorregnet Eta Aquariderna, som intr\u00e4ffar varje \u00e5r i maj. Dessa meteorer, ofta kallade \u201cstj\u00e4rnfall\u201d, \u00e4r ljusa sp\u00e5r som l\u00e4mnas efter av sm\u00e5, snabbt r\u00f6rliga korn av kometavfall som brinner upp i jordens atmosf\u00e4r.<\/p>\n

\"Rosetta
Rosetta i omloppsbana runt kometen 67P\/Churyumov-Gerasimenko<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Sedan Giottos enast\u00e5ende framg\u00e5ng har andra kometer unders\u00f6kts av rymdfarkoster. Det mest ambiti\u00f6sa uppdraget \u00e4r dock ESA:s kometjagande rymdfarkost Rosetta, som kommer att n\u00e5 kometen Churyumov-Gerasimenko \u00e5r 2014. Rosetta kommer att flyga bredvid kometk\u00e4rnan och g\u00f6ra en ing\u00e5ende studie av de f\u00f6r\u00e4ndringar som sker n\u00e4r den v\u00e4rms upp av solen. Den kommer ocks\u00e5 att sl\u00e4ppa ut en liten sond vid namn Philae, som ska genomf\u00f6ra den f\u00f6rsta mjuka landningen p\u00e5 en komet!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

On 13 March 1986, ESA\u2019s Giotto spacecraft sent back pictures of a black, potato-shaped object that was blasting bright jets of material into space. It was the first time that […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/11\/comet_halley_close_up3\/17877183-2-eng-GB\/Comet_Halley_close_up.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Comet Halley close up","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/MPS","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/11\/Comet_Halley_close_up3","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[46,10,11],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-694","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-comets-and-meteors","category-learn","category-our-universe"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=694"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4631,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/694\/revisions\/4631"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=694"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=694"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=694"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}