{"id":182,"date":"2021-12-02T12:50:43","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T11:50:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/planets_and_moons_exoplanets\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:25:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:25:12","slug":"planets_and_moons_exoplanets","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/planets_and_moons_exoplanets\/","title":{"rendered":"Exoplaneter"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Den Solsystemet<\/a> inneh\u00e5ller \u00e5tta planeter som kretsar kring v\u00e5r stj\u00e4rna, solen<\/a>. Men visste du att det finns m\u00e5nga, m\u00e5nga fler planeter d\u00e4r ute i rymden, som kretsar kring stj\u00e4rnor<\/a> som vi ser p\u00e5 natten? Dessa kallas planeter utanf\u00f6r v\u00e5rt solsystem, eller kort och gott exoplaneter.<\/p>\n

Det \u00e4r oerh\u00f6rt sv\u00e5rt att uppt\u00e4cka exoplaneter. De befinner sig s\u00e5 l\u00e5ngt bort att vi inte bara kan titta genom ett vanligt teleskop och se dem. De \u00e4r dessutom mycket sm\u00e5 och svaga j\u00e4mf\u00f6rt med de stj\u00e4rnor som de kretsar kring. Det inneb\u00e4r att astronomer som letar efter exoplaneter m\u00e5ste anv\u00e4nda sig av n\u00e5gra smarta metoder!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Den f\u00f6rsta metoden som astronomerna anv\u00e4nde f\u00f6r att uppt\u00e4cka exoplaneter kallas radiell hastighet, men den har ett enklare smeknamn: stj\u00e4rnvackling! N\u00e4r en planet kretsar kring en stj\u00e4rna, s\u00e5 tyngdkraften<\/a> drar i stj\u00e4rnan, vilket ur v\u00e5rt perspektiv f\u00e5r det att se ut som om stj\u00e4rnan vacklar i rymden. Effekten \u00e4r liten, men med hj\u00e4lp av mycket k\u00e4nsliga instrument kan man uppt\u00e4cka vissa exoplaneter som f\u00e5r sina stj\u00e4rnor att vackla!<\/p>\n

Idag \u00e4r transittekniken en vanligare metod f\u00f6r att uppt\u00e4cka exoplaneter. N\u00e4r en exoplanet passerar framf\u00f6r sin stj\u00e4rna kan den skymma en ytterst liten del av stj\u00e4rnans ljus. Detta kallas en transit. Sett fr\u00e5n jorden verkar stj\u00e4rnan bli lite svagare under transiten, f\u00f6r att sedan bli ljusare igen n\u00e4r planeten inte l\u00e4ngre skymmer n\u00e5got ljus. Det \u00e4r ett tecken p\u00e5 att det kan finnas en exoplanet d\u00e4r! Transiter \u00e4r sv\u00e5ra att uppt\u00e4cka eftersom f\u00f6r\u00e4ndringen i ljusstyrka \u00e4r s\u00e5 liten, men speciella teleskop f\u00f6r planetjakt, s\u00e5som ESA:s CoRoT<\/a> har varit mycket framg\u00e5ngsrika! ESA:s 2019 CHEOPS<\/a> Uppdraget anv\u00e4nder ocks\u00e5 transitmetoden.<\/p>\n

\"Transiting
En exoplanet i omlopp<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Astrometri \u00e4r en annan teknik, som kommer att anv\u00e4ndas av ESA:s Gaia<\/a> uppdrag. P\u00e5 natten kan vi se stj\u00e4rnorna r\u00f6ra sig l\u00e4ngs banor \u00f6ver himlen, och vi kan f\u00f6ruts\u00e4ga deras positioner med extrem noggrannhet \u00f6ver m\u00e5nga \u00e5r. Om en stj\u00e4rna har en planet kommer dess r\u00f6relse att avvika n\u00e5got fr\u00e5n det f\u00f6rv\u00e4ntade \u2013 bara en ytterst liten avvikelse, men tillr\u00e4ckligt f\u00f6r att Gaia ska kunna uppt\u00e4cka den!<\/p>\n

Detta \u00e4r de vanligaste metoderna f\u00f6r att uppt\u00e4cka exoplaneter, \u00e4ven om det finns andra ocks\u00e5. Ibland g\u00e5r det till och med att anv\u00e4nda professionella observatorier f\u00f6r att ta fotografier \u2013 \u00e4ven om dessa bilder framst\u00e5r som mycket enkla j\u00e4mf\u00f6rt med de bilder vi kan ta av de n\u00e4rliggande planeterna i v\u00e5rt eget solsystem.<\/p>\n

\"Children
Barn fantiserar om exoplaneter<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Hittills har man med hj\u00e4lp av alla dessa metoder uppt\u00e4ckt tusentals exoplaneter, och vi hittar hela tiden fler. Kan n\u00e5gon av dessa hysa liv? Kanske till och med intelligenta varelser<\/a> Gillar ni oss? Vad tycker ni?<\/p>\n

Det \u00e4r verkligen en mycket sp\u00e4nnande tid f\u00f6r den som \u00e4r intresserad av exoplaneter!<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Solar System contains eight planets orbiting our local star, the Sun. But did you know that there are many, many more planets out there in space, orbiting the stars […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2019\/09\/hubble_finds_water_vapor_on_habitable-zone_exoplanet_for_the_first_time\/19700242-1-eng-GB\/Hubble_Finds_Water_Vapor_on_Habitable-Zone_Exoplanet_for_the_First_Time.jpg","esa_banner_description":"We do not yet have the technology to take detailed photos of exoplanets, but an artist created this picture of what one may look like. Copyright: ESA\/Hubble, M. Kornmesser","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/Hubble, M. Kornmesser","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2019\/09\/Hubble_finds_water_vapor_on_habitable-zone_exoplanet_for_the_first_time","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-182","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=182"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4346,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/182\/revisions\/4346"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=182"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=182"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=182"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}