{"id":1140,"date":"2004-11-19T09:43:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T08:43:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sailing_through_space\/"},"modified":"2026-10-09T11:30:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T09:30:53","slug":"sailing_through_space","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/sailing_through_space\/","title":{"rendered":"Att segla genom rymden"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Hittills har n\u00e4stan alla rymduppdrag anv\u00e4nt raketmotorer som drivs med kemiskt br\u00e4nsle. Tyv\u00e4rr \u00e4r dessa inte s\u00e4rskilt effektiva. Till exempel utgjorde br\u00e4nslet \u00f6ver h\u00e4lften av uppskjutningsvikten f\u00f6r ESA:s rymdfarkost Rosetta.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

ESA unders\u00f6ker nu olika s\u00e4tt att minska m\u00e4ngden br\u00e4nsle som medf\u00f6rs. En id\u00e9 \u00e4r en jonmotor, som anv\u00e4nder en elektrisk \u2018kanon\u2019 f\u00f6r att skjuta ut gas ut i rymden.<\/p>\n

\u00c4ven om motorns framdrivningskraft \u00e4r mycket liten \u00f6kar hastigheten gradvis. S\u00e5 sm\u00e5ningom g\u00f6r den det m\u00f6jligt f\u00f6r rymdfarkosten att f\u00e4rdas mycket snabbt.<\/p>\n

\"Artist's
Konstn\u00e4rlig tolkning av SMART-1<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

SMART-1 genomf\u00f6rde ett framg\u00e5ngsrikt test av en jonmotor p\u00e5 v\u00e4g mot m\u00e5nen. Motorn genererade tio g\u00e5nger st\u00f6rre dragkraft \u00e4n en vanlig raketmotor per kilo br\u00e4nsle som den f\u00f6rbrukade.<\/p>\n

ESA unders\u00f6ker \u00e4ven rymdfarkoster som anv\u00e4nder solsegel ist\u00e4llet f\u00f6r motorer. Solljus som tr\u00e4ffar ett stort, spegelliknande segel kommer att kunna driva rymdfarkosten mot andra planeter. Efter m\u00e5nga m\u00e5nader skulle en s\u00e5dan rymdfarkost kunna n\u00e5 en hastighet p\u00e5 360 000 km\/h.<\/p>\n

Ett annat s\u00e4tt att spara br\u00e4nsle och minska vikten \u00e4r att s\u00e4nka farten genom att flyga genom en planets \u00f6vre atmosf\u00e4r. ESA planerar att bygga en rymdfarkost som ska g\u00e5 in i omloppsbana runt Mars med hj\u00e4lp av denna \u2018aerocapture\u2019-metod.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Until now, nearly all space missions have used rocket motors that feed on chemical fuel. Unfortunately, these are not very efficient. For example, over half the launch weight of ESA’s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/04\/close-up_view_of_smart-1_s_stationary_plasma_thruster2\/17900310-2-eng-GB\/Close-up_view_of_SMART-1_s_stationary_plasma_thruster.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Close-up view of SMART-1's stationary plasma thruster","esa_banner_credit":"ESA 2002. Illustration by Medialab.","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/04\/Close-up_view_of_SMART-1_s_stationary_plasma_thruster2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,44,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1140","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-spacecraft","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1140","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1140"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1140\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4867,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1140\/revisions\/4867"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1140"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1140"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1140"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}