{"id":1092,"date":"2009-04-06T09:32:00","date_gmt":"2009-04-06T07:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_s_space_observatories_to_explore_the_early_universe\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:35:56","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:35:56","slug":"esa_s_space_observatories_to_explore_the_early_universe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/esa_s_space_observatories_to_explore_the_early_universe\/","title":{"rendered":"ESA:s rymdobservatorier ska utforska det tidiga universum"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Astronomer v\u00e4rlden \u00f6ver v\u00e4ntar med sp\u00e4nning p\u00e5 uppskjutningen av en Ariane 5-raket som ska transportera tv\u00e5 banbrytande ESA-satelliter uppkallade efter ber\u00f6mda europeiska forskare: Planck och Herschel. Dessa toppmoderna rymdobservatorier, som liknar tidsmaskiner fr\u00e5n 2000-talet, kommer att blicka tillbaka i tiden och hj\u00e4lpa forskarna att avsl\u00f6ja hemligheterna kring hur stj\u00e4rnor, galaxer och sj\u00e4lva universum uppstod.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Herschel kommer att bli det st\u00f6rsta teleskop som n\u00e5gonsin skickats upp i rymden. I dess hj\u00e4rta finns en 3,5 meter bred huvudspegel \u2013 som \u00e4r betydligt st\u00f6rre, men l\u00e4ttare, \u00e4n spegeln i Hubble-teleskopet. Observatoriet, som v\u00e4ger 3,4 ton, \u00e4r uppkallat efter den tysk-brittiske astronomen William Herschel, som skrev historia genom att uppt\u00e4cka osynligt infrar\u00f6tt ljus (som vi upplever som v\u00e4rme) \u00e5r 1800. Tre instrument p\u00e5 det moderna Herschel kommer under minst tre \u00e5r att unders\u00f6ka moln av kallt stoft, d\u00e4r stj\u00e4rnor f\u00f6ds, samt avl\u00e4gsna galaxer som lyser starkt i det infrar\u00f6da spektrumet.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"2068\" data-credit=\"ESA\/Thales\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/03\/Planck_telescope2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/03\/planck_telescope2\/17872743-2-eng-GB\/Planck_telescope.jpg\" alt=\"Planck telescope\"><figcaption>Planck-teleskopet<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Vid sidan av Herschel kommer det att finnas en satellit som \u00e4r utformad f\u00f6r att blicka tillbaka till tidernas begynnelse. Rymdfarkosten, som v\u00e4ger 1 900 kg och har f\u00e5tt sitt namn till \u00e4ra f\u00f6r den tyske fysikern Max Planck, kommer att studera de svaga ekon som finns kvar efter universums f\u00f6delse i Big Bang. Dessa ekon visar sig som temperaturvariationer p\u00e5 n\u00e5gra miljondelar av en grad. F\u00f6r att kunna uppt\u00e4cka och kartl\u00e4gga denna osynliga mikrov\u00e5gsstr\u00e5lning m\u00e5ste Plancks tv\u00e5 detektorer kylas ned till -273 grader Celsius. Under en period p\u00e5 cirka 15 m\u00e5nader kommer observatoriets 1,5 m stora huvudspegel att samla in den extremt svaga str\u00e5lningen, som p\u00e5b\u00f6rjade sin resa mot jorden f\u00f6r cirka 14 miljarder \u00e5r sedan.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Astronomers around the world are eagerly awaiting the launch of an Ariane 5 rocket carrying two groundbreaking ESA satellites named after famous European scientists: Planck and Herschel. Like 21st century [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/03\/artist_concept_of_the_herschel_spacecraft2\/17878959-2-eng-GB\/Artist_concept_of_the_Herschel_spacecraft.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Artist concept of the Herschel spacecraft","esa_banner_credit":"ESA \u2013 D. Ducros, 2009","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/03\/Artist_concept_of_the_Herschel_spacecraft2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,21],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-stars-and-galaxies"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1092","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1092"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1092\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4849,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1092\/revisions\/4849"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1092"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1092"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sv\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}