{"id":931,"date":"2004-11-15T14:32:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T13:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/dwarfs_and_supergiants\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:54","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:54","slug":"dwarfs_and_supergiants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/dwarfs_and_supergiants\/","title":{"rendered":"Pritlikavci in supervelikani"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Sonce je zvezda. Tako kot ve\u010dina zvezd je tudi Sonce krogla iz zelo vro\u010dega plina, ki oddaja ogromne koli\u010dine svetlobe, toplote in drugega sevanja. To sevanje nastaja zaradi jedrskih reakcij v jedru. To je, kot bi vsako sekundo eksplodiralo milijone vodikovih bomb.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Obstaja veliko razli\u010dnih vrst zvezd. Rde\u010de zvezde so najhladnej\u0161e, saj imajo povr\u0161inske temperature okoli 2500 stopinj Celzija. Modro-bele zvezde so najbolj vro\u010de, saj dose\u017eejo vro\u010dino<br \/>40 000 stopinj. Rumene zvezde, kot je Sonce, so nekje vmes, s povr\u0161inskimi temperaturami okoli 5500 stopinj.<\/p>\n<p>Zvezde so razli\u010dnih velikosti. Sonce je srednje veliko. Svoje vodikovo gorivo porablja precej po\u010dasi, zato lahko sije \u0161e 10 milijard let. Nekatere zvezde so veliko ve\u010dje in vro\u010deje od Sonca. Rde\u010di supervelikan Antares je 800-krat \u0161ir\u0161i od Sonca. \u010ce bi se nahajala v sredi\u0161\u010du na\u0161ega Oson\u010dja, bi pogoltnila vse notranje planete, vklju\u010dno z Zemljo. Podobno kot avtomobili z visoko porabo goriva tudi te supervelikanke zelo hitro porabijo vse svoje gorivo iz vodika in helija. Po pribli\u017eno 500 milijonih let umrejo v eksploziji supernove.<\/p>\n<p>Najhladnej\u0161e zvezde, ki gorijo najpo\u010dasneje, so rde\u010de pritlikavke. Te lahko obstajajo ve\u010d kot 10 bilijonov (10 000 milijard) let. \u0160e hladnej\u0161e in manj\u0161e so rjave pritlikavke. To so \u2018neuspele zvezde\u2019. So tako hladne \u2013 v\u010dasih ima njihova povr\u0161ina le nekaj sto stopinj \u2013 da se njihove jedrske pe\u010di nikoli ne za\u010dnejo kuriti.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Sun is a star. Like most stars, the Sun is a ball of very hot gas that gives off huge amounts of light, heat and other radiation. This radiation [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/09\/the_tycho_supernova2\/17865860-3-eng-GB\/The_Tycho_supernova.jpg","esa_banner_description":"The Tycho supernova","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/09\/The_Tycho_supernova2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,21],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-stars-and-galaxies","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=931"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/931\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2074,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/931\/revisions\/2074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}