{"id":921,"date":"2004-11-15T16:12:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T15:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/phobos_and_deimos\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:48","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:48","slug":"phobos_and_deimos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/phobos_and_deimos\/","title":{"rendered":"Fobos in Deimos"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Leta 1877 je ameri\u0161ki astronom Asaph Hall odkril dva majhna lune, ki kro\u017eita okoli Marsa. Poimenovali sta se Fobos (Strah) in Deimos (Panika). Ve\u010d kot 130 let kasneje znanstveniki \u0161e vedno posku\u0161ajo razvozlati skrivnosti teh lun.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Morda gre za asteroide \u2013 majhne kamnine, ki so ostale po nastanku planetov \u2013 ki jih je ujel Mars.<\/p>\n

Oba luna sta \u010drnej\u0161a od premoga in izgledata kot po\u0161kodovani krompirji. Fobos ima na naj\u0161ir\u0161em mestu premer 27 km, na eni strani pa ima velik udarni krater. V enem marsovskem dnevu trikrat obkro\u017ei Mars.<\/p>\n

Deimos je \u0161e manj\u0161i \u2013 eden najmanj\u0161ih lun v Oson\u010dju. Ker je dlje od Marsa, vsak obhod okoli planeta traja malo ve\u010d kot en dan.<\/p>\n

Zaradi njune majhnosti je gravitacija na obeh lunah zelo \u0161ibka. Astronavt, ki bi stal na Fobos, bi bil 1000-krat la\u017eji kot na Zemlji. Vsak ve\u010dji skok bi lahko povzro\u010dil, da bi astronavt odletel v vesolje!<\/p>\n

Bli\u017enji preleti vesoljske sonde Mars Express agencije ESA so prinesli namige o tem, iz \u010desa so sestavljeni ti planeti in od kod izvirajo.<\/p>\n

Mars Express je edino vesoljsko plovilo, ki trenutno deluje okoli Rde\u010dega planeta in se nahaja v zelo elipti\u010dni (jaj\u010dasti) orbiti. Ta pot ga vodi \u010dez orbito Fobosa, kar mu omogo\u010da, da opazuje vse strani tega majhnega lune. (Podobno kot Zemljin Mesec tudi Fobos vedno ka\u017ee isto stran proti bli\u017enjemu planetu.) Med 23. julijem in 15. septembrom 2008 je Mars Express opravil osem preletov mimo Fobosa, pri \u010demer je letel mimo njega na razdaljah od 4.500 km do le 93 km.<\/p>\n

Posnetki iz bli\u017eine ka\u017eejo, da je Fobos, ve\u010dji satelit, vesoljska skala v obliki krompirja, ki meri le 27 km \u00d7 22 km \u00d7 19 km. Je zelo temen \u2013 \u010drnej\u0161i od premoga \u2013 in mo\u010dno prekrit s kraterji. Z natan\u010dnim spremljanjem sile, s katero Fobos privla\u010di sondo Mars Express ob vsakem preletu, so znanstveniki ugotovili, da ta satelit ni zelo gost. Skoraj gotovo gre za \u2018kup gru\u0161\u010da\u2019 \u2013 sestavljen iz \u0161tevilnih kosov kamnine, ki jih dr\u017ei skupaj gravitacija \u2013 in ne za enoten, trden objekt.<\/p>\n

Raziskave misije Mars Express ka\u017eejo, da sta bila Fobos in Deimos morda neko\u010d asteroida, ki sta kro\u017eila okoli Sonca med Marsom in Jupitrom. Vendar pa zaenkrat \u0161e nih\u010de ne more pojasniti, kako ju je Mars ujel in kako sta se zna\u0161la v \u2018obi\u010dajnih\u2019 tirnicah nad njegovim ekvatorjem.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

In 1877, the American astronomer Asaph Hall discovered two small moons circling the planet Mars. They were named Phobos (Fear) and Deimos (Panic). More than 130 years later, scientists are […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/11\/phobos_in_colour_close-up2\/17881549-2-eng-GB\/Phobos_in_colour_close-up.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Phobos in colour, close-up","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/DLR\/FU Berlin (G. Neukum)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/11\/Phobos_in_colour_close-up2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-921","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/921","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=921"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/921\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2064,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/921\/revisions\/2064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=921"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=921"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=921"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=921"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=921"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=921"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=921"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=921"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=921"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=921"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}