{"id":840,"date":"2004-12-02T15:23:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/liftoff_from_south_america\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:52","slug":"liftoff_from_south_america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/liftoff_from_south_america\/","title":{"rendered":"Vzlet iz Ju\u017ene Amerike"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>V zadnjih 30 letih so bile vse evropske rakete izstreljene iz Kourouja v Ju\u017eni Ameriki. Zakaj si je Evropa izbrala vesoljsko izstrelitveno bazo na drugi strani sveta?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Iskanje nove lokacije se je za\u010delo v 60. letih prej\u0161njega stoletja, ko je Francija morala opustiti svojo izstrelitveno bazo v al\u017eirski pu\u0161\u010davi.<\/p>\n<p>Francoska vesoljska agencija se je nazadnje odlo\u010dila za obalno lokacijo na robu d\u017eungle v Francoski Gvajani. Nova lokacija je bila v bli\u017eini ribi\u0161ke vasice Kourou in nedale\u010d od nekdanjega zaporni\u0161kega naselja na Hudi\u010devem otoku.<\/p>\n<p>Kourou je bil oddaljen tiso\u010de kilometrov od Evrope, zato je bilo treba vse zgraditi od za\u010detka. Vendar pa je imel nekaj klju\u010dnih prednosti:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>izstrelitve bi potekale dale\u010d stran od ve\u010djih naseljenih obmo\u010dij<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>rakete bi bilo mogo\u010de varno izstreliti nad odprtim morjem na vzhodu in severu<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>izrabljene stopnje rakete bi ne\u0161kodljivo padle v ocean<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Satelite bi bilo mogo\u010de brez te\u017eav poslati tako na polarne kot na ekvatorialne orbite.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Evropsko vesoljsko izstrelitveno sredi\u0161\u010de le\u017ei tudi zelo blizu ekvatorja. Izkori\u0161\u010da u\u010dinek \u00bbkatapulta\u00ab, ki ga povzro\u010da hitro vrtenje Zemlje na ekvatorju. To vsem raketam, izstreljenim v tej bli\u017eini, zagotavlja brezpla\u010den zagon s hitrostjo 1650 km\/h v smeri proti vzhodu. Tako se zmanj\u0161a koli\u010dina goriva, ki ga morajo preva\u017eati, kar jim omogo\u010da izstreljevanje te\u017ejih satelitov.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For the last 30 years, all of Europe\u2019s rockets have been launched from Kourou in South America. Why did Europe choose a spaceport on the other side of the world? 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