{"id":823,"date":"2004-12-09T15:52:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-09T14:52:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/space_velocity\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:41","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:41","slug":"space_velocity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/space_velocity\/","title":{"rendered":"Prostorska hitrost"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Telesa, ki se gibljejo okoli planeta, se imenujejo sateliti. Vsak popoln obhod, ki ga satelit opravi okoli planeta, se imenuje orbita.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Na\u0161a Zemlja ima en naravni satelit \u2013 Luno. Vendar pa je bilo od oktobra 1957 v orbite okoli Zemlje izstreljenih ve\u010d tiso\u010d umetnih (\u010dlovekovih) satelitov.<\/p>\n

Da bi satelit ostal v orbiti, mora leteti z zelo visoko hitrostjo, ki je odvisna od vi\u0161ine. Tako je na primer za kro\u017eno orbito na vi\u0161ini 300 km nad zemeljsko povr\u0161ino potrebna hitrost 7,8 km\/s (28.000 km\/h). Pri tej hitrosti bo satelit en obhod okoli Zemlje opravil v 90 minutah.<\/p>\n

Sateliti se morajo gibati tako hitro, da lahko izravnajo vpliv zemeljske gravitacije. To je podobno kot pri metanju kriketne ali bejzbolske \u017eoge. \u010cim mo\u010dneje se \u017eoga vr\u017ee, tem dlje bo letela, preden pade na tla.<\/p>\n

\u010ce bi igralec \u017eogo vrgel dovolj mo\u010dno, da bi ta dosegla potrebno hitrost, bi \u017eoga odletela v orbito. Nikoli ve\u010d ne bi padla nazaj na Zemljo. \u010ce bi jo vrgel \u0161e mo\u010dneje, tako da bi dosegla hitrost 11,2 km\/s (40.300 km\/h) \u2013 znano kot \u2018hitrost pobega\u2019 \u2013, bi \u017eoga popolnoma zapustila Zemljo. Takrat bi postala \u2018satelit\u2019 Sonca.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Objects that travel around a planet are called satellites. Each complete journey a satellite makes around the planet is called an orbit. Our Earth has one natural satellite \u2013 the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/12\/newton_s_cannon2\/17886950-2-eng-GB\/Newton_s_cannon.gif","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/12\/Newton_s_cannon2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-823","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/823","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=823"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/823\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1966,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/823\/revisions\/1966"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=823"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=823"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=823"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=823"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=823"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=823"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=823"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=823"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=823"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=823"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}