{"id":822,"date":"2004-12-02T15:38:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/different_orbits\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:40","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:40","slug":"different_orbits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/different_orbits\/","title":{"rendered":"Razli\u010dne orbite"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Orbita je pot telesa okoli dolo\u010dene to\u010dke v vesolju, na primer pot, po kateri se Luna giblje okoli Zemlje. Orbite dolo\u010da gravitacija in so pogosto \u2018elipti\u010dne\u2019, torej v obliki ovala.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Vsak satelit je ume\u0161\u010den v najbolj\u0161o orbito za izvedbo svoje naloge. Sateliti za opazovanje Zemlje so na primer obi\u010dajno ume\u0161\u010deni v nizke (400\u20131.200 km) kro\u017ene orbite. To jim omogo\u010da, da enkrat na nekaj ur obkro\u017eijo Zemljo in pridobijo podrobne posnetke povr\u0161ine planeta.<\/p>\n

Najbolj\u0161a pot za te satelite je \u201cpolarna\u201d orbita, po kateri potujejo nad severnim in ju\u017enim polom. Medtem ko se Zemlja vrti pod njimi, lahko sateliti gledajo neposredno navzdol in v nekaj dneh preu\u010dijo celoten planet \u2013 pas za pasom.<\/p>\n

Vremenski in komunikacijski sateliti pogosto \u201cvisijo\u201d nad istim delom Zemlje 24 ur na dan. To je mogo\u010de, ker so name\u0161\u010deni v kro\u017enih tirnicah pribli\u017eno 36.000 km nad ekvatorjem. Na tej vi\u0161ini sledijo vrtenju Zemlje, zato vedno opazujejo iste kraje. To se imenuje \u201cgeostacionarna orbita\u201d. Nekateri sateliti \u2013 vklju\u010dno z Mednarodno vesoljsko postajo \u2013 kro\u017eijo po nizkih orbitah, ki so nagnjene (naklonjene) glede na ekvator.<\/p>\n

\u0160tevilni znanstveni sateliti, kot sta Cluster in XMM-Newton agencije ESA, kro\u017eijo po zelo elipti\u010dnih (jaj\u010dastih) tirnicah, ki jih pripeljejo blizu Zemlje, nato pa jih odnesejo dale\u010d stran.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

An orbit is the path of an object around a particular point in space, for example the path the Moon takes around the Earth. Orbits are determined by gravity, and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2001\/05\/some_popular_orbits3\/17864898-3-eng-GB\/Some_popular_orbits.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Some popular orbits","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2001\/05\/Some_popular_orbits3","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=822"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1965,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822\/revisions\/1965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}