{"id":714,"date":"2012-11-07T10:12:00","date_gmt":"2012-11-07T09:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/from_rocket_fuel_to_clean_cars\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:27","slug":"from_rocket_fuel_to_clean_cars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/from_rocket_fuel_to_clean_cars\/","title":{"rendered":"Od raketnega goriva do \u010distih avtomobilov"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Vodik, najla\u017eji med vsemi plini, je najpogostej\u0161i element v vesolju. V prisotnosti kisika se izredno lahko vname. Vodik, ki se uporablja v evropskih nosilnih raketah Ariane 5, je odli\u010dno raketno gorivo, vendar ga je zelo te\u017eko skladi\u0161\u010diti. Shranjevati ga je treba v dvojno obzidanih rezervoarjih pri zelo nizkih temperaturah, nato pa ga je treba prek tesno zaprtih cevi dovajati v raketne motorje.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Nedavni dose\u017eki avstrijskega podjetja ka\u017eejo, da bi vodik lahko postal tudi gorivo prihodnosti za cestni promet in s tem re\u0161il problem, kako ustvariti \u010diste avtomobile. V sodelovanju z nem\u0161kim avtomobilskim proizvajalcem BMW je to podjetje prilagodilo raketno tehnologijo za razvoj rezervoarjev za shranjevanje vodika, ki so dovolj majhni, da se zmestijo v prtlja\u017enik limuzine. To je leta 2007 pripeljalo do nastanka serijskega avtomobila BMW Hydrogen 7, ki lahko kot gorivo uporablja bodisi vodik bodisi bencin. V bistvu je edini odpadni izpust avtomobila ne\u0161kodljiva vodna para!<\/p>\n

\"Hydrogen
Rezervoar za gorivo v avtomobilu na vodik<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Eden od najve\u010djih izzivov je bilo oblikovanje rezervoarja za gorivo. Da se vodik lahko shranjuje v teko\u010di obliki, ga je treba ohranjati pri temperaturi \u2013253 \u00b0C. Namesto stalnega hlajenja avtomobili BMW Hydrogen 7 shranjujejo 114 litrov teko\u010dega vodika v visoko izoliranih rezervoarjih. Izolacija rezervoarjev, ki ustreza 17 m debeli plasti stiropora, lahko vodik ohranja hladen skoraj dva tedna.<\/p>\n

Preden bodo avtomobili na vodik postali vsakdanja stvar, je treba \u0161e premagati nekaj te\u017eav. Ena izmed njih je pomanjkanje polnilnic. Druga je izguba teko\u010dega vodika, ko se segreje in po\u010dasi izhlapi v plin. Voznik, ki bi na primer avtomobil za dva tedna pustil na letali\u0161\u010du, bi se vrnil k praznemu rezervoarju. Vendar pa obstajajo jasni znaki, da so \u010disti avtomobili na vodikova goriva prihodnost vo\u017enje brez onesna\u017eevanja.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Hydrogen, the lightest of all gases, is the most common element in the Universe. It is extremely easy to burn, if oxygen is present. Used in Europe\u2019s Ariane 5 launchers, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/10\/liquid_hydrogen-powered_combustion_engine2\/17879995-2-eng-GB\/Liquid_hydrogen-powered_combustion_engine.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Liquid hydrogen-powered combustion engine","esa_banner_credit":"BMW\/Magna Steyr Aerospace","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/10\/Liquid_hydrogen-powered_combustion_engine2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=714"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4644,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions\/4644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}