{"id":297,"date":"2019-04-04T12:15:36","date_gmt":"2019-04-04T10:15:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_test_a_new_pulsar_clock\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:26:33","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:26:33","slug":"esa_test_a_new_pulsar_clock","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/esa_test_a_new_pulsar_clock\/","title":{"rendered":"ESA preizku\u0161a novo pulzarsko uro"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Kdaj ste nazadnje preverili, koliko je ura? Morda imate ro\u010dno uro ali stensko uro. Ste se kdaj ustavili in pomislili, kako natan\u010den je \u010das, ki ga prikazuje? V na\u0161em vsakdanjem \u017eivljenju morajo biti ure natan\u010dne le v obsegu nekaj minut ali sekund. Kaj pa, \u010de ste znanstvenik, in\u017eenir ali astronavt? Morda morate \u010das meriti zelo natan\u010dno. Znanstveniki iz ESA so za\u010deli testirati nov tip visoko natan\u010dne ure, ki uporablja pulzarje! Imenuje se \u201cPulChron\u201d in meri minevanje \u010dasa z radijskimi impulzi s frekvenco v milisekundah, ki jih oddajajo \u0161tevilne hitro vrte\u010de se nevtronske zvezde!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Nevtronske zvezde so neverjetno gosta telesa, ki so nastala iz sesutih jeder eksplodirajo\u010dih zvezd. V primerjavi z obi\u010dajnimi zvezdami in planeti so majhne \u2013 njihov premer zna\u0161a le okoli 10 do 20 km \u2013, vendar vsebujejo ve\u010d \u201csnovi\u201d, znane kot masa, kot Sonce! V\u010dasih se nevtronske zvezde vrtijo zelo hitro. Takrat jih imenujemo pulzarji, in prav te uporabljajo znanstveniki iz projekta PulChron. Med vrtenjem pulzarji oddajajo \u017earke radijskih valov, ki jih je mogo\u010de zaznati na Zemlji. U\u010dinek je nekoliko podoben temu, kako vidimo utripajo\u010de lu\u010di svetilnika. Ti izbruhi radijskih valov so tako redni, da bi lahko tvorili osnovo za zelo natan\u010den sistem merjenja \u010dasa \u2013 prav to pa trenutno preizku\u0161a ekipa PulChron.\u00a0<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"768\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/12\/PulChron_setup\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/12\/pulchron_setup\/19174617-1-eng-GB\/PulChron_setup.jpg\" alt=\"PulChron setup\"><figcaption>Nastavitev PulChron<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u017de smo izumili nekaj zelo dobrih metod za merjenje \u010dasa. Na\u0161 najbolj\u0161i na\u010din doslej je naprava, imenovana atomska ura. Elektroni v atomih lahko absorbirajo ali oddajajo zelo natan\u010dne koli\u010dine energije. Ta energija se spro\u0161\u010da v obliki svetlobnega vala z dolo\u010deno frekvenco \u2013 dolo\u010denim \u0161tevilom celih valov na sekundo \u2013, ki se lahko uporabi za merjenje \u010dasa, prav tako kot \u0161tevilo celih zamahov nihala v minuti uravnava delovanje stenske ure.<\/p>\n<p>Atomske ure so morda bolj\u0161e v kraj\u0161ih \u010dasovnih obdobjih, kot so leta, vendar bi bile pulzarske ure, kot je PulChron, bolj\u0161e v obdobjih desetletij, saj se posamezne atomske ure po tem \u010dasu lahko pokvarijo. To pomeni, da bi bile pulzarske ure lahko zelo koristne za prihodnje satelitske navigacijske sisteme, kot je Galileo agencije ESA, ki zahtevajo izjemno natan\u010dno merjenje \u010dasa skozi mnoga leta.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"3895\" data-credit=\"Mike Peel; Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester.\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/12\/Lovell_Telescope_Jodrell_Bank\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/12\/lovell_telescope_jodrell_bank\/19173940-1-eng-GB\/Lovell_Telescope_Jodrell_Bank.jpg\" alt=\"Lovell Telescope, Jodrell Bank\"><figcaption>Lovellov teleskop, Jodrell Bank<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Kaj pa se zgodi, \u010de se podatki iz pulzarja popa\u010dijo \u2013 morda zaradi gravitacijskih valov, ki so kot valovi v vesolju, ki jih povzro\u010dajo mo\u010dni kozmi\u010dni dogodki? Zaradi tega bi se lahko za kratek \u010das zdelo, da se pulzar vrti hitreje ali po\u010dasneje. Ekipa PulChron je to predvidela, zato uporablja pet velikih radijskih teleskopov po vsej Evropi, da opazuje ne le enega, ampak kar 18 pulzarjev!\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Morda bodo v prihodnosti pulzarske ure postale bolj pogoste in bodo skupaj z atomskimi urami omogo\u010dale, da bomo \u010das merili bolje kot kdaj koli prej!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"6500\" data-credit=\"ESA-P. Carril\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2014\/07\/Galileo_satellite_in_orbit\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2014\/07\/galileo_satellite_in_orbit\/14632177-1-eng-GB\/Galileo_satellite_in_orbit.jpg\" alt=\"Galileo satellite in orbit\"><figcaption>Satelit Galileo v orbiti<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><i>Zanimiv podatek: Pulsarje je leta 1967 odkrila britanska astronomka Jocelyn Bell Burnell. Sprva je mislila, da bi lahko bili dokaz za obstoj inteligentnega izvenzemeljskega \u017eivljenja, ki posku\u0161a vzpostaviti stik z nami!\u00a0<\/i><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When was the last time you checked the time? Maybe you have a wristwatch, or a clock on the wall. Did you stop to think about how accurate the time [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2017\/05\/crab_on_lcd\/16946171-1-eng-GB\/Crab_on_LCD.jpg","esa_banner_description":"A pulsar is hidden deep within this supernova bubble. Copyright: NASA, ESA, G. Dubner (IAFE, CONICET-University of Buenos Aires) et al.; A. Loll et al.; T. Temim et al.; F. Seward et al.; VLA\/NRAO\/AUI\/NSF; Chandra\/CXC; Spitzer\/JPL-Caltech; XMM-Newton\/ESA; and Hubble\/STScI, CC BY 4.0","esa_banner_credit":"NASA, ESA, G. Dubner (IAFE, CONICET-University of Buenos Aires) et al.; A. Loll et al.; T. Temim et al.; F. Seward et al.; VLA\/NRAO\/AUI\/NSF; Chandra\/CXC; Spitzer\/JPL-Caltech; XMM-Newton\/ESA; and Hubble\/STScI,CC BY 4.0","esa_banner_licence":"CC BY 4.0 INT or ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2017\/05\/Crab_on_LCD","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-297","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=297"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4394,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/297\/revisions\/4394"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=297"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=297"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/sl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=297"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}