{"id":931,"date":"2004-11-15T14:32:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T13:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/dwarfs_and_supergiants\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:54","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:54","slug":"dwarfs_and_supergiants","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/dwarfs_and_supergiants\/","title":{"rendered":"Pitici \u0219i supergigante"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Soarele este o stea. La fel ca majoritatea stelelor, Soarele este o sfer\u0103 de gaz extrem de fierbinte care emite cantit\u0103\u021bi uria\u0219e de lumin\u0103, c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i alte tipuri de radia\u021bii. Aceast\u0103 radia\u021bie este generat\u0103 de reac\u021biile nucleare care au loc \u00een miezul s\u0103u. Este ca \u0219i cum milioane de bombe cu hidrogen ar exploda \u00een fiecare secund\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Exist\u0103 multe tipuri diferite de stele. Stelele ro\u0219ii sunt cele mai reci, cu temperaturi la suprafa\u021b\u0103 de aproximativ 2500 de grade Celsius. Stelele alb-alb\u0103strui sunt cele mai fierbin\u021bi, ating\u00e2nd o temperatur\u0103 extrem de ridicat\u0103
40 000 de grade. Stelele galbene, precum Soarele, se situeaz\u0103 \u00eentre cele dou\u0103, av\u00e2nd temperaturi la suprafa\u021b\u0103 de aproximativ 5500 de grade.<\/p>\n

Stelele au dimensiuni foarte variate. Soarele este de dimensiuni medii. Acesta \u00ee\u0219i consum\u0103 combustibilul de hidrogen destul de \u00eencet, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t poate continua s\u0103 str\u0103luceasc\u0103 timp de 10 miliarde de ani. Unele stele sunt mult mai mari \u0219i mai fierbin\u021bi dec\u00e2t Soarele. Supergiganta ro\u0219ie Antares are o diametru de 800 de ori mai mare dec\u00e2t Soarele. Dac\u0103 s-ar afla \u00een centrul Sistemului nostru Solar, ar \u00eenghi\u021bi toate planetele interioare, inclusiv P\u0103m\u00e2ntul. La fel ca ma\u0219inile care consum\u0103 mult combustibil, aceste supergigante \u00ee\u0219i consum\u0103 foarte repede tot combustibilul de hidrogen \u0219i heliu. Dup\u0103 aproximativ 500 de milioane de ani, ele mor \u00eentr-o explozie de supernov\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cele mai reci stele, cu ardere lent\u0103, sunt piticele ro\u0219ii. Acestea pot supravie\u021bui mai mult de 10 trilioane (10 000 de miliarde) de ani. Chiar mai reci \u0219i mai mici sunt piticele maro. Acestea sunt \u2018stele e\u0219uate\u2019. Sunt at\u00e2t de reci \u2013 uneori doar c\u00e2teva sute de grade la suprafa\u021b\u0103 \u2013 \u00eenc\u00e2t reactoarele lor nucleare nu \u00eencep niciodat\u0103 s\u0103 ard\u0103.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Sun is a star. Like most stars, the Sun is a ball of very hot gas that gives off huge amounts of light, heat and other radiation. This radiation […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/09\/the_tycho_supernova2\/17865860-3-eng-GB\/The_Tycho_supernova.jpg","esa_banner_description":"The Tycho supernova","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/09\/The_Tycho_supernova2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,21],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-931","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-stars-and-galaxies","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/931","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=931"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/931\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2074,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/931\/revisions\/2074"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=931"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=931"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=931"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}