{"id":841,"date":"2004-12-02T15:46:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/expendable_or_reusable\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:53","slug":"expendable_or_reusable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/expendable_or_reusable\/","title":{"rendered":"De unic\u0103 folosin\u021b\u0103 sau reutilizabile?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

De fiecare dat\u0103 c\u00e2nd racheta european\u0103 Ariane 5 decoleaz\u0103 de la Kourou, etapele sale cad \u00een ocean sau se ard \u00een atmosfer\u0103. Se spune c\u0103 rachetele de lansare precum Ariane 5 sunt \u2018de unic\u0103 folosin\u021b\u0103\u2019.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

A arunca o rachet\u0103 de fiecare dat\u0103 c\u00e2nd este lansat\u0103 pare o risip\u0103 \u0219i o cheltuial\u0103 mare. Cu toate acestea, costurile sunt men\u021binute la un nivel redus prin fabricarea rachetelor \u00een serie. Acestea sunt construite pe linii de asamblare \u2013 cam la fel ca ma\u0219inile scumpe.<\/p>\n

Rachetele de unic\u0103 folosin\u021b\u0103 pot deveni, de asemenea, foarte fiabile. Dac\u0103 una dintre ele se defecteaz\u0103 \u00een timpul lans\u0103rii, este destul de u\u0219or s\u0103 se identifice cauza problemei \u0219i s\u0103 se remedieze aceasta.<\/p>\n

Cealalt\u0103 abordare const\u0103 \u00een construirea unei rachete de lansare reutilizabile. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, singura care a fost utilizat\u0103 a fost naveta spa\u021bial\u0103 american\u0103.<\/p>\n

Majoritatea componentelor orbiterului navetei spa\u021biale sunt proiectate s\u0103 efectueze p\u00e2n\u0103 la 100 de zboruri. Rachetele auxiliare cu combustibil solid ale navetei pot fi, de asemenea, reutilizate, dac\u0103 este necesar. Doar rezervorul extern de combustibil este aruncat de fiecare dat\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cu toate acestea, costurile de construc\u021bie \u0219i de zbor ale navetei spa\u021biale sunt foarte ridicate. Acest lucru se datoreaz\u0103 \u00een principal faptului c\u0103 aceasta este proiectat\u0103 s\u0103 transporte p\u00e2n\u0103 la \u0219apte membri ai echipajului. De asemenea, trebuie s\u0103 reziste la c\u0103ldura extrem\u0103 din timpul reintr\u0103rii \u00een atmosfer\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 aterizeze pe o pist\u0103. Nu sunt prev\u0103zute alte vehicule de lansare reutilizabile, de\u0219i studiile privind astfel de vehicule continu\u0103.<\/p>\n

ESA va analiza cu aten\u021bie ambele abord\u0103ri, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 se poat\u0103 lua, \u00een cele din urm\u0103, o decizie cu privire la modul \u00een care va fi \u00eenlocuit\u0103 racheta Ariane 5.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Every time Europe\u2019s Ariane 5 lifts off from Kourou, its rocket stages fall into the ocean or burn up in the atmosphere. Launchers such as Ariane 5 are said to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/08\/atmospheric_re-entry_demonstrator_-_artist_s_impression2\/17866009-3-eng-GB\/Atmospheric_Re-entry_Demonstrator_-_artist_s_impression.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Atmospheric Re-entry Demonstrator - artist's impression","esa_banner_credit":"ESA - D.Ducros","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/08\/Atmospheric_Re-entry_Demonstrator_-_artist_s_impression2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,41,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-841","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-rockets-technology","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/841","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=841"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/841\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1984,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/841\/revisions\/1984"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=841"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=841"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}