{"id":840,"date":"2004-12-02T15:23:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/liftoff_from_south_america\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:52","slug":"liftoff_from_south_america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/liftoff_from_south_america\/","title":{"rendered":"Decolare din America de Sud"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>\u00cen ultimii 30 de ani, toate rachetele europene au fost lansate de la Kourou, \u00een America de Sud. De ce a ales Europa un port spa\u021bial situat la cap\u0103tul cel\u0103lalt al lumii?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>C\u0103utarea unui nou amplasament a \u00eenceput \u00een anii 1960, c\u00e2nd Fran\u021ba a fost nevoit\u0103 s\u0103 renun\u021be la baza sa de lansare din de\u0219ertul algerian.<\/p>\n<p>Agen\u021bia Spa\u021bial\u0103 Francez\u0103 a ales \u00een cele din urm\u0103 o zon\u0103 de coast\u0103 situat\u0103 la marginea junglei, \u00een Guyana Francez\u0103. Noul amplasament se afla \u00een apropierea unui sat de pescari numit Kourou \u0219i nu departe de vechea colonie penitenciar\u0103 de pe Insula Diavolului.<\/p>\n<p>Kourou se afla la mii de kilometri distan\u021b\u0103 de Europa, iar totul trebuia construit de la zero. Cu toate acestea, locul prezenta c\u00e2teva avantaje esen\u021biale:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>lans\u0103rile ar avea loc la o distan\u021b\u0103 considerabil\u0103 de marile zone urbane<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>rachetele ar putea fi lansate \u00een condi\u021bii de siguran\u021b\u0103 deasupra m\u0103rii deschise, spre est \u0219i spre nord<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>etajele rachetelor uzate ar c\u0103dea \u00een ocean f\u0103r\u0103 a provoca pagube<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Sateli\u021bii ar putea fi trimi\u0219i cu u\u0219urin\u021b\u0103 at\u00e2t pe orbite polare, c\u00e2t \u0219i pe orbite ecuatoriale.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Portul spa\u021bial european se afl\u0103, de asemenea, foarte aproape de ecuator. Acesta beneficiaz\u0103 de efectul de \u201epra\u0219tie\u201d provocat de rota\u021bia rapid\u0103 a P\u0103m\u00e2ntului la ecuator. Acest lucru ofer\u0103 o accelera\u021bie gratuit\u0103 de 1650 km\/h spre est pentru orice rachet\u0103 lansat\u0103 \u00een apropiere. Astfel, se reduce cantitatea de combustibil pe care trebuie s\u0103 o transporte \u0219i li se permite s\u0103 lanseze sateli\u021bi mai grei.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For the last 30 years, all of Europe\u2019s rockets have been launched from Kourou in South America. Why did Europe choose a spaceport on the other side of the world? 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