{"id":820,"date":"2004-12-02T15:35:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/gravity_assists\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:39","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:39","slug":"gravity_assists","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/gravity_assists\/","title":{"rendered":"Asisten\u021ba gravita\u021bional\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Dup\u0103 cum \u0219ti\u021bi, o ma\u0219in\u0103 tinde s\u0103 \u00eencetineasc\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd urc\u0103 un munte \u0219i s\u0103 accelereze atunci c\u00e2nd coboar\u0103. Se poate spune c\u0103 ma\u0219ina beneficiaz\u0103 de \u2018asisten\u021ba gravita\u021biei\u2019, deoarece gravita\u021bia P\u0103m\u00e2ntului o ajut\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eencetineasc\u0103 sau s\u0103 accelereze. \u00cen acela\u0219i mod, o nav\u0103 spa\u021bial\u0103 poate beneficia de o \u201ec\u0103l\u0103torie gratuit\u0103\u201d, f\u0103r\u0103 a consuma combustibil pre\u021bios.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Asisten\u021ba gravita\u021bional\u0103 are loc atunci c\u00e2nd o nav\u0103 spa\u021bial\u0103 trece pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 o planet\u0103 sau o lun\u0103 de dimensiuni mari. Acest fenomen permite gravita\u021biei planetei s\u0103 exercite o for\u021b\u0103 asupra navei spa\u021biale \u0219i s\u0103-i modifice orbita.<\/p>\n

Uneori nava spa\u021bial\u0103 accelereaz\u0103, alteori \u00eencetine\u0219te \u2013 \u00een func\u021bie de faptul dac\u0103 trece \u00een spatele sau \u00een fa\u021ba planetei. Asisten\u021ba gravita\u021bional\u0103 modific\u0103, de asemenea, direc\u021bia \u00een care se deplaseaz\u0103 nava spa\u021bial\u0103.<\/p>\n

Una dintre cele mai uimitoare manevre de asisten\u021b\u0103 gravita\u021bional\u0103 a fost utilizat\u0103 \u00een cadrul misiunii \u201eUlysses\u201d a ESA. Trec\u00e2nd pe deasupra polului nord al lui Jupiter, sonda Ulysses a fost propulsat\u0103 pe o orbit\u0103 care a dus-o peste polii Soarelui.<\/p>\n

Misiunea Cassini-Huygens a folosit patru manevre de asisten\u021b\u0103 gravita\u021bional\u0103 (una cu P\u0103m\u00e2ntul, dou\u0103 cu Venus \u0219i una cu Jupiter) \u00een c\u0103l\u0103toria sa c\u0103tre Saturn.<\/p>\n

Gravita\u021bia a jucat, de asemenea, un rol important \u00een misiunea SMART-1 a ESA. Dup\u0103 ce s-a \u00eendep\u0103rtat de P\u0103m\u00e2nt pe o traiectorie spiral\u0103 timp de 14 luni, sonda spa\u021bial\u0103 a \u00eenceput s\u0103 resimt\u0103 for\u021bele de atrac\u021bie exercitate de Lun\u0103. \u00cen noiembrie 2004, SMART-1 a fost captat\u0103 de gravita\u021bia Lunii \u0219i a intrat pe o orbit\u0103 \u00een jurul acesteia.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

As you know, a car tends to slow down when it goes up a mountain and to accelerate when it is going downhill. One can say that the car is […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/08\/ulysses_and_the_heliosphere2\/17889541-2-eng-GB\/Ulysses_and_the_heliosphere.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Ulysses and the heliosphere","esa_banner_credit":"ESA (image by D. Hardy)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/08\/Ulysses_and_the_heliosphere2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-820","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/820","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=820"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/820\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1963,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/820\/revisions\/1963"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=820"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=820"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=820"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}