{"id":582,"date":"2010-10-27T08:10:00","date_gmt":"2010-10-27T06:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/cluster_explores_invisible_space\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:29:54","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:29:54","slug":"cluster_explores_invisible_space","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/cluster_explores_invisible_space\/","title":{"rendered":"Clusterul exploreaz\u0103 spa\u021biul invizibil"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>\u00cen vara anului 2000, patru nave spa\u021biale identice din programul \u201eCluster\u201d au fost lansate pe orbite polare extrem de alungite, care le-au dus la o distan\u021b\u0103 egal\u0103 cu o treime din distan\u021ba p\u00e2n\u0103 la Lun\u0103. De atunci, cele patru nave ale ESA \u2013 cunoscute sub numele de Salsa, Samba, Rumba \u0219i Tango \u2013 zboar\u0103 \u00een forma\u021bie \u00een jurul P\u0103m\u00e2ntului. Uneori s-au aflat \u00een interiorul c\u00e2mpului magnetic al planetei. Alteori au p\u0103r\u0103sit magnetosfera \u0219i au zburat prin particulele \u00eenc\u0103rcate electric ale v\u00e2ntului solar.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce orbitele \u0219i distan\u021bele dintre ele s-au modificat, navele spa\u021biale au furnizat primele observa\u021bii 3D ale particulelor invizibile \u0219i ale c\u00e2mpurilor magnetice care populeaz\u0103 spa\u021biul din apropierea P\u0103m\u00e2ntului. Un domeniu de interes special a fost aurora, o perdea de lumin\u0103 ro\u0219ie \u0219i verde care se vede pe cerul nocturn deasupra regiunilor polare. Aurorele apar atunci c\u00e2nd particule supersonice provenite de la Soare intr\u0103 \u00een coliziune cu c\u00e2mpul magnetic al planetei noastre. Majoritatea sunt deviate de scutul magnetic al P\u0103m\u00e2ntului, dar unele reu\u0219esc s\u0103 treac\u0103 \u0219i r\u0103m\u00e2n captive.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"NASA\/ ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/04\/Effect_of_extreme_solar_activity_on_Earth_s_magnetosphere2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/04\/effect_of_extreme_solar_activity_on_earth_s_magnetosphere2\/17908974-2-eng-GB\/Effect_of_extreme_solar_activity_on_Earth_s_magnetosphere.gif\" alt=\"Effect of extreme solar activity on Earth&#x27;s magnetosphere\"><figcaption>Efectul activit\u0103\u021bii solare extreme asupra magnetosferei P\u0103m\u00e2ntului<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Aceste particule coboar\u0103 \u00een spiral\u0103 de-a lungul liniilor de c\u00e2mp magnetic \u0219i intr\u0103 \u00een coliziune cu atmosfera superioar\u0103, d\u00e2nd na\u0219tere aurorei. Cu toate acestea, \u00een cortina colorat\u0103 apar uneori \u2018g\u0103uri\u2019 \u00eentunecate \u2013 numite aurore negre. Echipa Cluster a descoperit c\u0103 acestea apar acolo unde particulele se scurg \u00een sus, \u00een spa\u021biu, \u00een loc s\u0103 coboare \u00een atmosfer\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Cluster a f\u0103cut numeroase alte descoperiri, precum v\u00e2rtejurile gigantice care injecteaz\u0103 particule \u00een c\u00e2mpul magnetic al P\u0103m\u00e2ntului. De asemenea, a dezv\u0103luit modul \u00een care electronii \u2018uciga\u0219i\u2019 devin at\u00e2t de energici \u00eenc\u00e2t pot dezactiva sau distruge navele spa\u021biale aflate pe orbit\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>To\u021bi cei patru sateli\u021bi \u00eencep s\u0103-\u0219i arate v\u00e2rsta, dar echipa misiunii Cluster este \u00eencrez\u0103toare c\u0103 ace\u0219tia vor putea func\u021biona cel pu\u021bin p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 2016. \u00centre timp, oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 din \u00eentreaga lume a\u0219teapt\u0103 cu ner\u0103bdare s\u0103-\u0219i continue explorarea spa\u021biului invizibil din jurul P\u0103m\u00e2ntului nostru.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the summer of 2000, four identical Cluster spacecraft were launched into highly elongated polar orbits which took them one third of the way to the Moon. Since then, the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/08\/the_four_cluster_spacecraft2\/17866490-3-eng-GB\/The_four_Cluster_spacecraft.jpg","esa_banner_description":"The four Cluster spacecraft","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/08\/The_four_Cluster_spacecraft2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,35],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-582","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-the-sun"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/582","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=582"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/582\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4561,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/582\/revisions\/4561"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=582"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=582"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=582"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}