{"id":52,"date":"2004-11-19T08:33:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T07:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/training_at_the_european_astronaut_centre\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:23:34","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:23:34","slug":"training_at_the_european_astronaut_centre","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/training_at_the_european_astronaut_centre\/","title":{"rendered":"Instruirea la Centrul European de Astronau\u021bi"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Pentru o misiune spa\u021bial\u0103 cu echipaj uman, astronau\u021bii (\u0219i echipele de misiune de la sol) trebuie s\u0103 cunoasc\u0103 modul de func\u021bionare al navelor lor spa\u021biale, s\u0103 gestioneze experimentele de pe Sta\u021bia Spa\u021bial\u0103 Interna\u021bional\u0103, s\u0103 \u00eenve\u021be despre sistemele spa\u021biale \u0219i s\u0103 dob\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 competen\u021be speciale, cum ar fi opera\u021biunile robotizate, precum \u0219i s\u0103 se preg\u0103teasc\u0103 pentru ie\u0219irile \u00een spa\u021biu. Pentru a exersa aceste activit\u0103\u021bi, astronau\u021bii din Europa se antreneaz\u0103 \u00een principal la Centrul European al Astronau\u021bilor (EAC) al ESA din K\u00f6ln, Germania.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

La momentul absolvirii din aprilie 2024, exist\u0103 11 astronau\u021bi activi ai ESA, provenind din opt state membre! \u00cen plus, au fost selecta\u021bi 12 membri ai rezervei europene de astronau\u021bi, printre care se num\u0103r\u0103 \u0219i prima persoan\u0103 cu dizabilitate fizic\u0103 care a intrat \u00een rezerva de astronau\u021bi a ESA \u2014 John McFall. Odat\u0103 cu selec\u021bia lui John, ESA a lansat \u201cIni\u021biativa \u201dFly!\u201d<\/a>\u00a0ceea ce face ca misiunile spa\u021biale s\u0103 devin\u0103 mai accesibile pentru toat\u0103 lumea.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Echipa EAC este format\u0103 din astronau\u021bi ai ESA, instructori de preg\u0103tire a astronau\u021bilor, exper\u021bi \u00een medicina spa\u021bial\u0103, speciali\u0219ti \u00een opera\u021biuni de echipaj, speciali\u0219ti europeni \u00een comunicare, tineri stagiari \u0219i cercet\u0103tori. \u00cempreun\u0103, ace\u0219tia preg\u0103tesc astronau\u021bii europeni \u0219i interna\u021bionali pentru numeroase tipuri de misiuni.<\/p>\n

EAC are aproximativ 200 de angaja\u021bi care lucreaz\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 la aceast\u0103 misiune. Centrul este situat \u00een campusul Centrului Aerospatial German (DLR), unde colaboreaz\u0103 \u00eendeaproape cu oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 de la Institutul de Medicin\u0103 Aerospatial\u0103 al DLR, envihab. Acest centru de cercetare medical\u0103 studiaz\u0103 modul \u00een care spa\u021biul \u00eei afecteaz\u0103 pe oameni \u0219i cum se poate men\u021bine s\u0103n\u0103tatea \u00een spa\u021biu. Chiar l\u00e2ng\u0103 EAC se afl\u0103 LUNA, un loc special unde astronau\u021bii se pot antrena pentru misiunile pe Lun\u0103, dispun\u00e2nd de propria suprafa\u021b\u0103 lunar\u0103 \u0219i de un centru de testare a tehnologiilor.<\/p>\n

Echipele \u0219i instala\u021biile de la EAC ofer\u0103 sprijin nu numai astronau\u021bilor ESA, ci \u0219i echipelor spa\u021biale interna\u021bionale. Astronau\u021bii din diferite agen\u021bii spa\u021biale vin s\u0103 se antreneze la EAC, la fel cum o fac \u0219i pe Sta\u021bia Spa\u021bial\u0103. EAC preg\u0103te\u0219te \u00een fiecare an aproximativ 30 de astronau\u021bi din \u00eentreaga lume.<\/p>\n

Una dintre modalit\u0103\u021bile prin care se realizeaz\u0103 acest lucru este exersarea sarcinilor pe care le-ar \u00eendeplini pe orbita P\u0103m\u00e2ntului (activit\u0103\u021bi \u00een orbit\u0103) \u00eentr-un rezervor uria\u0219 de ap\u0103 care con\u021bine o replic\u0103 a laboratorului \u0219tiin\u021bific european \u201eColumbus\u201d. Astronau\u021bii \u00eembr\u0103ca\u021bi \u00een costume spa\u021biale pot folosi rezervorul pentru a exersa ie\u0219irile \u00een spa\u021biu, deoarece atunci c\u00e2nd apa \u00eei \u00eempinge \u00een sus (datorit\u0103 unei for\u021be numite flotabilitate), aceasta contrabalanseaz\u0103 gravita\u021bia care \u00eei trage \u00een jos. Asta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 apa le d\u0103 senza\u021bia de aproape imponderabilitate, exact a\u0219a cum ar fi \u00een spa\u021biu. Acest lucru \u00eei ajut\u0103 s\u0103 se preg\u0103teasc\u0103 pentru ie\u0219irile \u00een spa\u021biu \u0219i alte activit\u0103\u021bi pe care le vor desf\u0103\u0219ura \u00een orbit\u0103!<\/p>\n

\"Andreas
Andreas Mogensen \u00een timpul antrenamentului pentru activitatea extravehicular\u0103 (EVA)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

EAC dispune de un model la scar\u0103 real\u0103 al laboratorului \u0219tiin\u021bific \u201eColumbus\u201d, precum \u0219i de simulatoare \u0219i alte echipamente practice. Acest lucru le permite astronau\u021bilor din \u021b\u0103ri precum SUA, Rusia \u0219i Japonia s\u0103 se familiarizeze cu componentele europene ale Sta\u021biei Spa\u021biale Interna\u021bionale \u0219i s\u0103 \u00eenve\u021be cum s\u0103 comande laboratorul european de cercetare de pe Sta\u021bia Spa\u021bial\u0103. De asemenea, exist\u0103 o sal\u0103 de fitness ultramodern\u0103, s\u0103li de curs \u0219i sisteme de instruire asistat\u0103 de calculator, gestionate de personalul specializat al EAC.<\/p>\n

Tehnologia modern\u0103 \u00eei ajut\u0103, de asemenea, pe astronau\u021bi s\u0103 se antreneze folosind un sistem de realitate virtual\u0103 (VR). Purt\u00e2nd o casc\u0103 special\u0103, ace\u0219tia se pot deplasa \u00een interiorul Sta\u021biei Spa\u021biale ca \u0219i cum s-ar afla cu adev\u0103rat acolo.<\/p>\n

De asemenea, EAC ofer\u0103 asisten\u021b\u0103 medical\u0103 astronau\u021bilor \u0219i familiilor acestora \u00een perioada de preg\u0103tire, pe durata \u0219i dup\u0103 \u00eencheierea misiunilor spa\u021biale. De la \u00eenfiin\u021barea sa \u00een 1990, EAC a oferit sprijin pentru zeci de misiuni spa\u021biale la care au participat astronau\u021bi din cadrul ESA \u0219i din statele membre ale acesteia.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

For a human mission to space, astronauts (and mission teams on the ground) have to know\u00a0about how their spacecrafts work, handle experiments on the International Space Station, learn about space […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/09\/the_european_astronaut_centre_in_cologne_germany2\/17866564-3-eng-GB\/The_European_Astronaut_Centre_in_Cologne_Germany.jpg","esa_banner_description":"The European Astronaut Centre in Cologne, Germany","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/S. CORVAJA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/09\/The_European_Astronaut_Centre_in_Cologne_Germany2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[28,10,13],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-52","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronauts","category-learn","category-life-in-space","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=52"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4276,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/52\/revisions\/4276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=52"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=52"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=52"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}