{"id":491,"date":"2011-01-24T13:33:00","date_gmt":"2011-01-24T12:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/black_holes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:28:49","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:28:49","slug":"black_holes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/black_holes\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u0103uri negre"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>G\u0103urile negre sunt cele mai ciudate obiecte din Univers. O gaur\u0103 neagr\u0103 nu are o suprafa\u021b\u0103, precum o planet\u0103 sau o stea. \u00cen schimb, este o regiune a spa\u021biului \u00een care materia s-a pr\u0103bu\u0219it asupra ei \u00eens\u0103\u0219i. Aceast\u0103 pr\u0103bu\u0219ire catastrofal\u0103 are ca rezultat concentrarea unei cantit\u0103\u021bi uria\u0219e de mas\u0103 \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 incredibil de mic\u0103. Atrac\u021bia gravita\u021bional\u0103 a acestei regiuni este at\u00e2t de mare \u00eenc\u00e2t nimic nu poate sc\u0103pa \u2013 nici m\u0103car lumina.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>De\u0219i g\u0103urile negre nu pot fi v\u0103zute, \u0219tim c\u0103 exist\u0103 datorit\u0103 modului \u00een care influen\u021beaz\u0103 praful, stelele \u0219i galaxiile din apropiere. Multe dintre ele sunt \u00eenconjurate de discuri de materie. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce discurile se \u00eenv\u00e2rt \u00een jurul lor ca un v\u00e2rtej, acestea devin extrem de fierbin\u021bi \u0219i emit raze X.<\/p>\n<p>G\u0103urile negre au dimensiuni foarte variate. Multe dintre ele au o mas\u0103 de doar c\u00e2teva ori mai mare dec\u00e2t cea a Soarelui. Aceste g\u0103uri negre cu \u2018mas\u0103 stelar\u0103\u2019 se formeaz\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd o stea masiv\u0103, de aproximativ 10 ori mai grea dec\u00e2t Soarele, \u00ee\u0219i \u00eencheie via\u021ba printr-o explozie de supernov\u0103. Ceea ce r\u0103m\u00e2ne din stea \u2013 \u00eenc\u0103 c\u00e2teva mase solare \u2013 se pr\u0103bu\u0219e\u0219te \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 cu un diametru de doar c\u00e2\u021biva kilometri.<\/p>\n<p>Majoritatea galaxiilor, inclusiv Calea Lactee, au \u00een centrul lor g\u0103uri negre supermasive. Acestea pot fi de milioane sau miliarde de ori mai grele dec\u00e2t Soarele nostru. G\u0103urile negre supermasive alimenteaz\u0103, de asemenea, galaxiile active \u0219i galaxiile str\u0103vechi cunoscute sub numele de quasari. Quasarii pot fi de sute de ori mai lumino\u0219i chiar \u0219i dec\u00e2t cele mai mari galaxii obi\u0219nuite.<\/p>\n<p>Obiectele care cad \u00een g\u0103uri negre sunt literalmente \u00eentinse p\u00e2n\u0103 la limita de rupere. Un astronaut care s-ar aventura prea aproape \u0219i ar fi aspirat \u00eentr-o gaur\u0103 neagr\u0103 ar fi sf\u00e2\u0219iat de gravita\u021bia cople\u0219itoare.<\/p>\n<nav class=\"related\" aria-label=\"Legat de\">\n<h2 class=\"related__heading\">Legat de<\/h2>\n<div class=\"grid related__grid\">\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/ro\/sorte_huller\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">danez\u0103<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/ro\/zwarte_gaten\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Olandez\u0103<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/ro\/schwarze_loecher\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">German\u0103<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/ro\/svarte_hull\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">norvegian\u0103<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/ro\/czarne_dziury\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">polonez\u0103<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/ro\/svarta_haal\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Suedez\u0103<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/nav>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Black holes are the strangest objects in the Universe. A black hole does not have a surface, like a planet or star. Instead, it is a region of space where [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/04\/a_black_hole_and_companion_star_with_supernova2\/17902678-2-eng-GB\/A_black_hole_and_companion_star_with_supernova.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA, NASA and Felix Mirabel (French Atomic Energy Commission & the Institute for Astronomy and Space Physics\/Conicet of Argentina)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/04\/A_black_hole_and_companion_star_with_supernova2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,19],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-491","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-story-of-the-universe","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/491","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=491"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/491\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1634,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/491\/revisions\/1634"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=491"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=491"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=491"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}