{"id":181,"date":"2021-12-02T12:51:04","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T11:51:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/spacecraft_astronomers_use_esa_space_telescope_to_find_missing_matter\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:25:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:25:12","slug":"spacecraft_astronomers_use_esa_space_telescope_to_find_missing_matter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/spacecraft_astronomers_use_esa_space_telescope_to_find_missing_matter\/","title":{"rendered":"Astronomii folosesc telescopul spa\u021bial al ESA pentru a descoperi materia disp\u0103rut\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Tot ceea ce vedem \u00een spa\u021biu, cum ar fi stelele, planetele \u0219i chiar oamenii, este alc\u0103tuit dintr-un tip de materie numit\u0103 barioni. Cu toate acestea, o mare parte din barionii din Univers par s\u0103 lipseasc\u0103, iar localizarea lor s-a dovedit a fi o sarcin\u0103 extrem de dificil\u0103. Un grup de astronomi, folosind un telescop spa\u021bial al ESA numit XMM-Newton, a contribuit la rezolvarea acestui mister cosmic!<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>\u0218tim c\u00e2\u021bi barioni ar trebui s\u0103 existe \u00een Univers studiind ceea ce se nume\u0219te \u201efundalul cosmic de microunde\u201d, care reprezint\u0103 cea mai veche lumin\u0103, dat\u00e2nd de la doar 380.000 de ani dup\u0103 Big Bang. To\u021bi barionii par s\u0103 fie prezen\u021bi timp de c\u00e2teva miliarde de ani, dar apoi aproximativ jum\u0103tate dintre ei dispar!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"700\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/07\/Spider_senses2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/07\/spider_senses2\/17900532-2-eng-GB\/Spider_senses.jpg\" alt=\"Spider senses\"><figcaption>Sim\u021burile de p\u0103ianjen<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Fabrizio Nicastro este unul dintre oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 care \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 rezolve aceast\u0103 enigm\u0103. El explic\u0103: \u201cBariunii disp\u0103ru\u021bi reprezint\u0103 unul dintre cele mai mari mistere ale astrofizicii moderne. \u0218tim c\u0103 aceast\u0103 materie trebuie s\u0103 existe undeva, o vedem \u00een Universul timpuriu, dar apoi nu mai reu\u0219im s\u0103 o detect\u0103m. Unde a disp\u0103rut?\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Chiar \u0219i dup\u0103 ce au num\u0103rat toate stelele \u0219i gazul din spa\u021biu, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu tot ce au mai putut g\u0103si astronomii, tot mai lipseau 40% din barioni. Cu siguran\u021b\u0103 se pricep s\u0103 se ascund\u0103! Fabrizio \u0219i prietenii s\u0103i au decis s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 un telescop special pentru a-i ajuta \u00een c\u0103utarea lor: XMM-Newton al ESA. Acest telescop se afl\u0103 \u00een spa\u021biu \u0219i observ\u0103 razele X, \u00een loc de lumina obi\u0219nuit\u0103 pe care o v\u0103d ochii no\u0219tri.<\/p>\n<p>Astronomii curajo\u0219i au folosit satelitul XMM-Newton pentru a observa un quasar, adic\u0103 o galaxie masiv\u0103 cu o gaur\u0103 neagr\u0103 supermasiv\u0103 \u00een centrul s\u0103u, care atrage materie \u0219i emite o cantitate mare de raze X! Studiind cu aten\u021bie datele, au descoperit urme de oxigen ascunse \u00een spa\u021biul dintre noi \u0219i quasar. Nu am mai putut observa acest lucru p\u00e2n\u0103 acum! Fabrizio explic\u0103: \u201cExist\u0103 rezerve uria\u0219e de materie \u2013 inclusiv oxigen \u2013 care se afl\u0103 acolo, exact \u00een cantitatea pe care o a\u0219teptam, a\u0219a c\u0103 putem \u00een sf\u00e2r\u0219it s\u0103 complet\u0103m lipsa din bilan\u021bul barionic al Universului.\u201d<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"5945\" data-credit=\"Illustrations and composition: ESA \/ ATG medialab; data: ESA \/ XMM-Newton \/ F. Nicastro et al. 2018; cosmological simulation: R. Cen\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/07\/Detecting_the_warm-hot_intergalactic_medium\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/07\/detecting_the_warm-hot_intergalactic_medium\/17892168-2-eng-GB\/Detecting_the_warm-hot_intergalactic_medium.jpg\" alt=\"Detecting the warm-hot intergalactic medium\"><figcaption>Detectarea mediului intergalactic cald-fierbinte<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Bariunii disp\u0103ru\u021bi s-au ascuns \u00eentr-un fel de cea\u021b\u0103 fierbinte care se \u00eentinde pe sute de mii de ani-lumin\u0103 \u00een spa\u021biul dintre galaxii. Misterul a fost dezlegat, iar acum astronomii pot \u00eencepe s\u0103 studieze ace\u0219ti bariuni pentru a afla mai multe despre ei!<\/p>\n<p><b>Un fapt interesant:<\/b> De\u0219i materia barionic\u0103 constituie tot ceea ce vedem, aceasta reprezint\u0103 doar 5% din materia din Univers! Misterioasa materie \u00eentunecat\u0103 reprezint\u0103 aproximativ 25%, iar energia \u00eentunecat\u0103 reprezint\u0103 aproximativ 70%.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Everything we see in space, such as stars, planets and even people, is made from a type of matter called baryons. However, a lot of the baryons in the Universe [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/07\/xmm-newton\/17910751-2-eng-GB\/XMM-Newton.jpg","esa_banner_description":"XMM-Newton","esa_banner_credit":"ESA-C. Carreau","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/07\/XMM-Newton","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=181"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4345,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/181\/revisions\/4345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=181"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}