{"id":942,"date":"2004-12-03T10:16:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:16:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/floods\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:02","slug":"floods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/floods\/","title":{"rendered":"Inunda\u00e7\u00f5es"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

As inunda\u00e7\u00f5es s\u00e3o o tipo de cat\u00e1strofe natural mais dispendioso do mundo. O custo global dos danos causados pelas inunda\u00e7\u00f5es ascende a centenas de milhares de milh\u00f5es de euros. S\u00f3 as inunda\u00e7\u00f5es no Paquist\u00e3o, em julho de 2010, causaram mais de 7 mil milh\u00f5es de euros em danos.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

As inunda\u00e7\u00f5es podem ocorrer em zonas costeiras ou perto de rios. Quando enormes massas de \u00e1gua cobrem zonas baixas, podem causar danos imensos aos bens e p\u00f4r vidas em risco.<\/p>\n

A tecnologia espacial europeia \u00e9 uma arma fundamental na luta contra as inunda\u00e7\u00f5es. A primeira linha de defesa \u00e9 assegurada pelos sat\u00e9lites meteorol\u00f3gicos Meteosat e MetOp. Estes mostram a evolu\u00e7\u00e3o dos sistemas de tempestades e permitem previs\u00f5es precisas do vento e da chuva.<\/p>\n

As c\u00e2maras normais conseguem captar inunda\u00e7\u00f5es \u00e0 luz do dia, quando o c\u00e9u est\u00e1 limpo. No entanto, as inunda\u00e7\u00f5es ocorrem geralmente sob uma camada de nuvens.<\/p>\n

\"Elbe<\/figure>\n

As naves espaciais Envisat e ERS-2 da ESA est\u00e3o equipadas com instrumentos de radar capazes de ver atrav\u00e9s das nuvens, tanto de dia como de noite. Estes instrumentos fornecem mapas precisos do uso do solo nas \u00e1reas inundadas, mostrando se a \u00e1gua cobriu campos, zonas florestais ou \u00e1reas urbanizadas.<\/p>\n

Os dados de radar podem at\u00e9 indicar a quantidade de \u00e1gua que penetrou no solo e se a \u201cesponja\u201d est\u00e1 cheia. Ao utilizar dados de sat\u00e9lite relativos a eventos passados, tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 poss\u00edvel planear medidas para futuras inunda\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Flooding is the world\u2019s most expensive type of natural disaster. The cost of global flood damage is hundreds of billions of euros. The Pakistan floods of July 2010 alone caused […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/10\/floods_in_ivrea_italy2\/17866045-3-eng-GB\/Floods_in_Ivrea_Italy.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/10\/Floods_in_Ivrea_Italy2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-942","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/942","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=942"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/942\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4752,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/942\/revisions\/4752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=942"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=942"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}