{"id":983,"date":"2009-07-03T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2009-07-03T05:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ulysses\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:30","slug":"ulysses","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/ulysses\/","title":{"rendered":"Ulisses"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Jedna z najd\u0142u\u017cszych misji kosmicznych w historii dobieg\u0142a ko\u0144ca 30 czerwca 2009 r., kiedy to wys\u0142ano ostatnie polecenie do sondy kosmicznej \u201cUlysses\u201d nale\u017c\u0105cej do ESA i NASA. Nazwa \u201eUlysses\u201d pochodzi od legendarnego greckiego bohatera, kt\u00f3ry przetrwa\u0142 liczne przygody podczas trwaj\u0105cej 20 lat \u201eodysei\u201d z dala od domu. Wystrzelony w pa\u017adzierniku 1990 r. statek kosmiczny r\u00f3wnie\u017c prze\u017cy\u0142 wiele przyg\u00f3d po drodze i sp\u0119dzi\u0142 niemal tyle samo czasu na eksploracji nieznanego.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>W ci\u0105gu ponad 18 lat sp\u0119dzonych w kosmosie sonda Ulysses dokona\u0142a wielu prze\u0142omowych odkry\u0107. Podczas przelotu obok Jowisza w lutym 1992 r. pot\u0119\u017cne pole grawitacyjne tej gigantycznej planety wyrzuci\u0142o sond\u0119 na wyj\u0105tkow\u0105 orbit\u0119, kt\u00f3ra zaprowadzi\u0142a j\u0105 daleko powy\u017cej i poni\u017cej orbit planet. Po raz pierwszy naukowcy byli w stanie przeprowadzi\u0107 szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe badania region\u00f3w polarnych S\u0142o\u0144ca oraz ich powi\u0105za\u0144 z nadd\u017awi\u0119kowym wiatrem s\u0142onecznym.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"ESA (animation by C.Carreau)\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/Media\/Animations\/Ulysses_orbit_animation_2009\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/media\/animations\/ulysses_orbit_animation_2009\/1472-5-eng-GB\/Ulysses_orbit_animation_2009.jpg\" alt=\"\"><\/figure>\n<p>Misja sondy \u2019Ulysses\u201d mia\u0142a zako\u0144czy\u0107 si\u0119 w 1995 roku, ale ta wytrzyma\u0142a, niewielka sonda kosmiczna po prostu kontynuowa\u0142a swoj\u0105 dzia\u0142alno\u015b\u0107, ostatecznie wykonuj\u0105c trzy przeloty nad biegunami S\u0142o\u0144ca. Dwa z nich mia\u0142y miejsce, gdy S\u0142o\u0144ce by\u0142o w spokojnym nastroju, natomiast podczas wizyty w latach 2000\u20132001 S\u0142o\u0144ce wykazywa\u0142o najwi\u0119ksz\u0105 aktywno\u015b\u0107.<\/p>\n<p>Niestety, \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o energii j\u0105drowej na pok\u0142adzie \u201eUlyssesa\u201d stopniowo si\u0119 wyczerpywa\u0142o, a\u017c ten nieustraszony podr\u00f3\u017cnik zacz\u0105\u0142 mie\u0107 trudno\u015bci z funkcjonowaniem. Wy\u0142\u0105czenie satelity mia\u0142o nast\u0105pi\u0107 w 2008 roku, ale operatorom uda\u0142o si\u0119 zapobiec jego zamarzni\u0119ciu, uruchamiaj\u0105c co dwie godziny kr\u00f3tki impuls silnika manewrowego. Jednak \u201eUlysses\u201d oddala\u0142 si\u0119 coraz bardziej od Ziemi, a w po\u0142owie 2009 roku s\u0142aba \u0142\u0105czno\u015b\u0107 sprawi\u0142a, \u017ce nap\u0142ywa\u0142o bardzo niewiele danych naukowych. Nadszed\u0142 czas, by po\u017cegna\u0107 si\u0119 z tym pionierem kosmosu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of the longest space missions ever made came to an end on 30 June 2009 when the final command was sent to the ESA\/NASA Ulysses spacecraft. Ulysses was named [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2008\/06\/artist_s_impression_of_ulysses8\/17893388-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_Ulysses.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Artist\u2019s impression of Ulysses","esa_banner_credit":"ESA (image by C.Carreau)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2008\/06\/Artist_s_impression_of_Ulysses8","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,35],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-983","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-the-sun","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/983","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=983"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/983\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4775,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/983\/revisions\/4775"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=983"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=983"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=983"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}