{"id":970,"date":"2005-07-11T09:32:00","date_gmt":"2005-07-11T07:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/history_s_greatest_comet_hunter\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:21","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:21","slug":"history_s_greatest_comet_hunter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/history_s_greatest_comet_hunter\/","title":{"rendered":"Najwi\u0119kszy \u0142owca komet w historii"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Od czasu do czasu go\u0142ym okiem mo\u017cna dostrzec jasn\u0105 komet\u0119 z d\u0142ugimi ogonami. Jednak w ostatnich latach sonda kosmiczna SOHO, wsp\u00f3lny projekt ESA i NASA, wykaza\u0142a, \u017ce te \u201cbrudne \u015bnie\u017cki\u201d wyst\u0119puj\u0105 znacznie cz\u0119\u015bciej, ni\u017c ktokolwiek m\u00f3g\u0142by sobie wyobrazi\u0107.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Sonda SOHO zosta\u0142a zaprojektowana do obserwacji S\u0142o\u0144ca, a nie do poszukiwania komet. Jedno z jej urz\u0105dze\u0144, zwane LASCO, s\u0142u\u017cy do obserwacji zewn\u0119trznej atmosfery S\u0142o\u0144ca (korony). Dzi\u0119ki niemu jednak SOHO sta\u0142a si\u0119 najwi\u0119kszym \u0142owc\u0105 komet w historii.<\/p>\n<p>LASCO bada s\u0142abo widoczn\u0105 koron\u0119, blokuj\u0105c jasne \u015bwiat\u0142o S\u0142o\u0144ca. Dzi\u0119ki temu LASCO mo\u017ce r\u00f3wnie\u017c wykrywa\u0107 ma\u0142e komety przelatuj\u0105ce tu\u017c obok S\u0142o\u0144ca. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 tych lodowych intruz\u00f3w zbli\u017ca si\u0119 do powierzchni S\u0142o\u0144ca na odleg\u0142o\u015b\u0107 nie wi\u0119ksz\u0105 ni\u017c 800 000 km \u2013 tak blisko, \u017ce ulegaj\u0105 odparowaniu lub wpadaj\u0105 do jego ognistego pieca.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"3055\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/09\/SOHO_spacecraft2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/09\/soho_spacecraft2\/17865750-3-eng-GB\/SOHO_spacecraft.jpg\" alt=\"SOHO spacecraft\"><figcaption>Sonda kosmiczna SOHO<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Zanim w grudniu 1995 roku wystrzelono sond\u0119 SOHO, za pomoc\u0105 statk\u00f3w kosmicznych odkryto zaledwie 16 komet przelatuj\u0105cych blisko S\u0142o\u0144ca. Do 6 lipca 2005 roku sama sonda SOHO wykry\u0142a a\u017c 990 takich komet. Oznacza to, \u017ce SOHO odkry\u0142a prawie po\u0142ow\u0119 wszystkich komet, kt\u00f3rych orbity obliczono od pocz\u0105tku historii. Oczekuje si\u0119, \u017ce ta osza\u0142amiaj\u0105ca liczba przekroczy 1000 tego lata i b\u0119dzie nadal rosn\u0105\u0107.<\/p>\n<p>Wiele z tych odkry\u0107 zosta\u0142o dokonanych przez amator\u00f3w, kt\u00f3rzy korzystali z obraz\u00f3w z satelity SOHO dost\u0119pnych w Internecie. \u0141owcy komet obserwuj\u0105cy dane z SOHO pochodz\u0105 z wielu kraj\u00f3w, w tym ze Stan\u00f3w Zjednoczonych, Wielkiej Brytanii, Chin, Japonii, Tajwanu, Rosji, Ukrainy, Francji, Niemiec i Litwy.<\/p>\n<p>Komety to bry\u0142y lodu i py\u0142u \u2013 \u2018resztki\u2019 powsta\u0142e podczas formowania si\u0119 planet 4,5 miliarda lat temu.<\/p>\n<nav class=\"related\" aria-label=\"Powi\u0105zane\">\n<h2 class=\"related__heading\">Powi\u0105zane<\/h2>\n<div class=\"grid related__grid\">\n<div class=\"grid-item\">\n<article class=\"card focuson agency\"><a class=\"card__link\" href=\"\/pl\/build_a_soho_spacecraft\/\"><\/p>\n<figure class=\"thumbnail\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image-bg\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/11\/artist_s_impression_of_soho_spacecraft2\/17874814-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_SOHO_spacecraft.jpg\" alt=\"Test your skills - build your own SOHO spacecraft\" loading=\"lazy\"><span class=\"dimmer\"><\/span><\/figure>\n<header class=\"entry\">\n<h3 class=\"heading\">Sprawd\u017a swoje umiej\u0119tno\u015bci \u2013 zbuduj w\u0142asny statek kosmiczny typu SOHO<\/h3>\n<\/header>\n<p><\/a><\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/nav>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>From time to time a bright comet with long, trailing tails becomes visible with the naked eye. However, in recent years the ESA \/ NASA SOHO spacecraft has shown that [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/09\/soho_see_two_comets_plunging_into_the_sun2\/17885766-2-eng-GB\/SOHO_see_two_comets_plunging_into_the_Sun.gif","esa_banner_description":"SOHO see two comets plunging into the Sun","esa_banner_credit":"SOHO\/LASCO (ESA\/NASA)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/09\/SOHO_see_two_comets_plunging_into_the_Sun2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[46,10,11],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-970","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-comets-and-meteors","category-learn","category-our-universe"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/970","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=970"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/970\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4763,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/970\/revisions\/4763"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=970"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=970"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}