{"id":963,"date":"2006-01-19T11:13:00","date_gmt":"2006-01-19T10:13:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/mercury\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:16","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:16","slug":"mercury","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/mercury\/","title":{"rendered":"Rt\u0119\u0107"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Merkury to pierwsza planeta licz\u0105c od S\u0142o\u0144ca. Nie jest \u0142atwo j\u0105 obserwowa\u0107, poniewa\u017c na niebie zawsze znajduje si\u0119 blisko S\u0142o\u0144ca. Nawet gdy jest najlepiej widoczna, znajduje si\u0119 blisko horyzontu i mo\u017cna j\u0105 obserwowa\u0107 tylko przez kilka godzin po zachodzie s\u0142o\u0144ca lub przed wschodem s\u0142o\u0144ca.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Planeta ta, nazwana na cze\u015b\u0107 skrzydlatego pos\u0142a\u0144ca bog\u00f3w, okr\u0105\u017ca S\u0142o\u0144ce raz na 88 dni. Obraca si\u0119 jednak wok\u00f3\u0142 w\u0142asnej osi bardzo powoli \u2013 raz na 58,6 dnia. Stanowi to dok\u0142adnie dwie trzecie jej okresu orbitalnego.<\/p>\n

Merkury to ma\u0142a, skalista planeta. Jej \u015brednica jest mniej wi\u0119cej r\u00f3wna szeroko\u015bci Oceanu Atlantyckiego, a w Ziemi zmie\u015bci\u0142oby si\u0119 18 Merkur\u00f3w.<\/p>\n

Merkury jest bardzo podobny do Ksi\u0119\u017cyca. Jego powierzchnia pokryta jest kraterami uderzeniowymi. Nie ma atmosfery ani wody. Temperatura w po\u0142udnie na r\u00f3wniku mo\u017ce wzrosn\u0105\u0107 do 450 \u00b0C, ale noce s\u0105 wyj\u0105tkowo mro\u017ane \u2013 temperatura spada poni\u017cej -180 \u00b0C. W g\u0142\u0119bokich, ciemnych kraterach w pobli\u017cu biegun\u00f3w mo\u017ce znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 troch\u0119 lodu wodnego.<\/p>\n

Merkury ma zaskakuj\u0105co du\u017c\u0105 g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107. Uwa\u017ca si\u0119, \u017ce posiada du\u017ce \u017celazne j\u0105dro, kt\u00f3re wype\u0142nia wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 wn\u0119trza Merkurego. Posiada r\u00f3wnie\u017c zaskakuj\u0105co silne pole magnetyczne.<\/p>\n

Jak dot\u0105d sonda Mariner 10 wykona\u0142a zdj\u0119cia z bliskiej odleg\u0142o\u015bci mniej ni\u017c po\u0142owy powierzchni Merkurego. ESA i Japonia planuj\u0105 wys\u0142a\u0107 w 2013 roku dwie sondy orbitalne w kierunku Merkurego. Misja BepiColombo zosta\u0142a nazwana na cze\u015b\u0107 s\u0142ynnego w\u0142oskiego matematyka i naukowca.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mercury is the first planet from the Sun. It is not very easy to observe since it is always close to the Sun in the sky. Even when best placed, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2006\/01\/mercury_s_southern_hemisphere2\/17904638-2-eng-GB\/Mercury_s_Southern_Hemisphere.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"JPL","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2006\/01\/Mercury_s_Southern_Hemisphere2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-963","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=963"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2106,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/963\/revisions\/2106"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=963"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=963"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=963"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=963"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=963"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=963"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=963"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}