{"id":942,"date":"2004-12-03T10:16:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T09:16:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/floods\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:02","slug":"floods","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/floods\/","title":{"rendered":"Powodzie"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Powodzie s\u0105 najkosztowniejszym rodzajem kl\u0119sk \u017cywio\u0142owych na \u015bwiecie. Koszt szk\u00f3d spowodowanych powodziami na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie si\u0119ga setek miliard\u00f3w euro. Same powodzie w Pakistanie w lipcu 2010 roku spowodowa\u0142y szkody o warto\u015bci ponad 7 miliard\u00f3w euro.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Powodzie mog\u0105 wyst\u0119powa\u0107 na obszarach przybrze\u017cnych lub w pobli\u017cu rzek. Gdy ogromne masy wody zalewaj\u0105 nisko po\u0142o\u017cone tereny, mog\u0105 spowodowa\u0107 ogromne szkody materialne i stanowi\u0107 zagro\u017cenie dla \u017cycia.<\/p>\n

Europejska technologia kosmiczna stanowi kluczowe narz\u0119dzie w walce z powodziami. Pierwsz\u0105 lini\u0119 obrony stanowi\u0105 satelity meteorologiczne Meteosat i MetOp. Pokazuj\u0105 one rozwijaj\u0105ce si\u0119 uk\u0142ady burzowe i umo\u017cliwiaj\u0105 sporz\u0105dzanie dok\u0142adnych prognoz dotycz\u0105cych wiatru i opad\u00f3w.<\/p>\n

Zwyk\u0142e aparaty fotograficzne mog\u0105 uchwyci\u0107 pow\u00f3d\u017a w \u015bwietle dziennym, gdy niebo jest bezchmurne. Jednak powodzie zwykle wyst\u0119puj\u0105 pod warstw\u0105 chmur.<\/p>\n

\"Elbe<\/figure>\n

Satelity Envisat i ERS-2 nale\u017c\u0105ce do ESA s\u0105 wyposa\u017cone w urz\u0105dzenia radarowe, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 \u201ewidzie\u0107\u201d przez chmury zar\u00f3wno w dzie\u0144, jak i w nocy. Dzi\u0119ki nim powstaj\u0105 dok\u0142adne mapy zagospodarowania terenu na obszarach zalanych, pokazuj\u0105ce, czy woda pokry\u0142a pola, lasy czy tereny zabudowane.<\/p>\n

Dane radarowe mog\u0105 nawet wskaza\u0107, ile wody wsi\u0105k\u0142o w gleb\u0119 i czy \u201cg\u0105bka\u201d jest ju\u017c pe\u0142na. Korzystaj\u0105c z danych satelitarnych dotycz\u0105cych przesz\u0142ych zdarze\u0144, mo\u017cna r\u00f3wnie\u017c przygotowa\u0107 si\u0119 na przysz\u0142e powodzie.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Flooding is the world\u2019s most expensive type of natural disaster. The cost of global flood damage is hundreds of billions of euros. The Pakistan floods of July 2010 alone caused […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/10\/floods_in_ivrea_italy2\/17866045-3-eng-GB\/Floods_in_Ivrea_Italy.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/10\/Floods_in_Ivrea_Italy2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-942","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/942","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=942"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/942\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4752,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/942\/revisions\/4752"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=942"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=942"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=942"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}