{"id":927,"date":"2004-11-15T16:19:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T15:19:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/moon_exploration\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:51","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:51","slug":"moon_exploration","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/moon_exploration\/","title":{"rendered":"Eksploracja Ksi\u0119\u017cyca"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Ksi\u0119\u017cyc jest zbyt ma\u0142y, by zatrzyma\u0107 w swojej atmosferze jakiekolwiek powietrze. Poniewa\u017c nie ma tam wiatr\u00f3w, strona zwr\u00f3cona ku S\u0142o\u0144cu jest gor\u0119tsza ni\u017c wrz\u0105ca woda, natomiast strona nocna jest zimniejsza ni\u017c jakiekolwiek miejsce na Ziemi (minus 180 stopni Celsjusza).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Wiele z tego, co wiemy o Ksi\u0119\u017cycu, pochodzi z danych zebranych przez zrobotyzowane sondy orbitalne i l\u0105downiki w latach 60. i 70. Niekt\u00f3rzy naukowcy s\u0105dzili, \u017ce statek kosmiczny l\u0105duj\u0105cy na Ksi\u0119\u017cycu zapadnie si\u0119 w jego pylist\u0105 powierzchni\u0119. Ameryka\u0144skie i rosyjskie l\u0105downiki udowodni\u0142y, \u017ce by\u0142o to b\u0142\u0119dne za\u0142o\u017cenie. Otworzy\u0142y one drog\u0119 do l\u0105dowania ludzi na Ksi\u0119\u017cycu.<\/p>\n

W latach 1969\u20131972 dwunastu m\u0119\u017cczyzn spacerowa\u0142o po widocznej stronie Ksi\u0119\u017cyca. Pozostawili tam urz\u0105dzenia do przeprowadzania eksperyment\u00f3w naukowych. Powr\u00f3cili r\u00f3wnie\u017c z prawie 400 kg ska\u0142 i gleby. Podczas p\u00f3\u017aniejszych misji astronauci poruszali si\u0119 po Ksi\u0119\u017cycu \u0142azikiem zasilanym akumulatorowo.<\/p>\n

W ostatnich latach wiele kraj\u00f3w podj\u0119\u0142o decyzj\u0119 o powrocie na Ksi\u0119\u017cyc. Statki kosmiczne kr\u0105\u017c\u0105ce wok\u00f3\u0142 Ksi\u0119\u017cyca zbada\u0142y ca\u0142\u0105 jego powierzchni\u0119 bardzo szczeg\u00f3\u0142owo. Jednym z najwa\u017cniejszych odkry\u0107 by\u0142a obecno\u015b\u0107 lodu wodnego na dnie krater\u00f3w w pobli\u017cu biegun\u00f3w Ksi\u0119\u017cyca. L\u00f3d ten, os\u0142oni\u0119ty przed promieniami S\u0142o\u0144ca, m\u00f3g\u0142 znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 tam od milion\u00f3w lat. Przyszli badacze mogliby go wykorzysta\u0107 do produkcji tlenu oraz jako \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o wody pitnej.<\/p>\n

Pierwszym europejskim statkiem kosmicznym wys\u0142anym na Ksi\u0119\u017cyc by\u0142 SMART-1, kt\u00f3ry kr\u0105\u017cy\u0142 wok\u00f3\u0142 Ksi\u0119\u017cyca od listopada 2004 r. do wrze\u015bnia 2006 r. SMART-1 wykona\u0142 szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe zdj\u0119cia powierzchni Ksi\u0119\u017cyca i zbada\u0142 sk\u0142ad ska\u0142. Misja zako\u0144czy\u0142a si\u0119 celowym zderzeniem statku z powierzchni\u0105 Ksi\u0119\u017cyca.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Moon is too small to hold onto any air. Without any winds, the sunny side is hotter than boiling water, but the night side is colder than anywhere on […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/08\/artist_s_impression_of_the_smart-1_mission2\/17888468-2-eng-GB\/Artist_s_impression_of_the_SMART-1_mission.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Artist's impression of the SMART-1 mission","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/08\/Artist_s_impression_of_the_SMART-1_mission2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=927"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2070,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/927\/revisions\/2070"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=927"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=927"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=927"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}