{"id":925,"date":"2004-11-15T14:00:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/star_birth\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:50","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:50","slug":"star_birth","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/star_birth\/","title":{"rendered":"Narodziny gwiazdy"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Podobnie jak ludzie, gwiazdy rodz\u0105 si\u0119, starzej\u0105 si\u0119 i umieraj\u0105. Miejscem ich narodzin s\u0105 ogromne, zimne chmury gazu i py\u0142u, zwane \u2018mg\u0142awicami\u2019. Najbardziej znan\u0105 z nich jest Mg\u0142awica Oriona, kt\u00f3r\u0105 mo\u017cna dostrzec go\u0142ym okiem.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Chmury te zaczynaj\u0105 si\u0119 kurczy\u0107 pod wp\u0142ywem w\u0142asnej grawitacji. W miar\u0119 jak chmura si\u0119 zmniejsza, rozpadaj\u0105 si\u0119 na skupiska. Ka\u017cde z tych skupisk staje si\u0119 w ko\u0144cu tak gor\u0105ce i g\u0119ste, \u017ce rozpoczynaj\u0105 si\u0119 w nim reakcje j\u0105drowe. Gdy temperatura osi\u0105ga 10 milion\u00f3w stopni Celsjusza, skupisko to staje si\u0119 now\u0105 gwiazd\u0105.<\/p>\n

Po powstaniu wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 m\u0142odych gwiazd znajduje si\u0119 w centrum p\u0142askiego dysku z\u0142o\u017conego z gazu i py\u0142u. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 tego materia\u0142u zostaje ostatecznie wyrzucona przez promieniowanie gwiazdy. Zanim to nast\u0105pi, wok\u00f3\u0142 gwiazdy centralnej mog\u0105 powsta\u0107 planety.<\/p>\n

\"Star-forming
Ciemna chmura, w kt\u00f3rej powstaj\u0105 gwiazdy, uchwycona przez teleskop ISO<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Obserwatoria podczerwone s\u0105 w stanie wykrywa\u0107 ciep\u0142o pochodz\u0105ce z niewidzialnych gwiazd, kt\u00f3re powstaj\u0105 wewn\u0105trz takich chmur. Jednym z najpot\u0119\u017cniejszych z nich jest obserwatorium kosmiczne Herschel nale\u017c\u0105ce do ESA, wystrzelone w maju 2009 roku. Herschel sp\u0119dzi co najmniej trzy lata na badaniu py\u0142owych chmur, w kt\u00f3rych rodz\u0105 si\u0119 gwiazdy \u2013 zar\u00f3wno du\u017ce, jak i ma\u0142e.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Like people, stars are born, they grow old and they die. Their birth places are huge, cold clouds of gas and dust, known as ‘nebulas’. The most famous of these […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/01\/nearby_galaxy_ngc_1569_is_a_hotbed_of_star_birth_activity2\/17880180-2-eng-GB\/Nearby_galaxy_NGC_1569_is_a_hotbed_of_star_birth_activity.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Nearby galaxy NGC 1569 is a 'hotbed' of star birth activity","esa_banner_credit":"ESA, NASA and Peter Anders (G\u00f6ttingen University Galaxy Evolution Group, Germany)","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/01\/Nearby_galaxy_NGC_1569_is_a_hotbed_of_star_birth_activity2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,21],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-925","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-stars-and-galaxies","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/925","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=925"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/925\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4742,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/925\/revisions\/4742"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=925"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=925"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=925"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}