{"id":924,"date":"2006-01-20T13:14:00","date_gmt":"2006-01-20T12:14:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/venus\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:50","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:50","slug":"venus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/venus\/","title":{"rendered":"Wenus"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Wenus jest drug\u0105 planet\u0105 licz\u0105c od S\u0142o\u0144ca, dlatego na niebie zawsze znajduje si\u0119 do\u015b\u0107 blisko S\u0142o\u0144ca. Widoczna jest jako jasna \u201cgwiazda\u201d poranna lub wieczorna \u2013 najja\u015bniejszy obiekt na nocnym niebie, nie licz\u0105c Ksi\u0119\u017cyca. Przez teleskop wida\u0107, jak przechodzi przez r\u00f3\u017cne fazy, podobnie jak Ksi\u0119\u017cyc.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Wenus jest tak jasna, poniewa\u017c pokryta jest chmurami, kt\u00f3re odbijaj\u0105 znaczn\u0105 cz\u0119\u015b\u0107 padaj\u0105cego \u015bwiat\u0142a s\u0142onecznego. Te \u017c\u00f3\u0142tawe chmury sk\u0142adaj\u0105 si\u0119 z siarki i kwasu siarkowego.<\/p>\n

Pod pewnymi wzgl\u0119dami Wenus jest bli\u017aniaczk\u0105 Ziemi. Ma mniej wi\u0119cej takie same rozmiary i sk\u0142ada si\u0119 z tych samych ska\u0142. Znajduje si\u0119 te\u017c bli\u017cej nas ni\u017c jakakolwiek inna planeta. Jest jednak otoczona g\u0119st\u0105 atmosfer\u0105 dwutlenku w\u0119gla \u2013 gazu, kt\u00f3ry wydychamy. Atmosfera ta jest tak g\u0119sta, \u017ce poruszanie si\u0119 w niej przypomina\u0142oby brodzenie w wodzie.<\/p>\n

Dwutlenek w\u0119gla zatrzymuje wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 ciep\u0142a pochodz\u0105cego ze S\u0142o\u0144ca. Warstwy chmur pe\u0142ni\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c rol\u0119 koca. Skutkiem tego jest \u201cniekontrolowany efekt cieplarniany\u201d, kt\u00f3ry spowodowa\u0142 gwa\u0142towny wzrost temperatury na planecie do 465 \u00b0C \u2013 temperatury wystarczaj\u0105cej do stopienia o\u0142owiu. Oznacza to, \u017ce Wenus jest jeszcze gor\u0119tsza ni\u017c Merkury.<\/p>\n

Bez specjalnej ochrony osoba odwiedzaj\u0105ca Wenus zgin\u0119\u0142aby natychmiast \u2013 zmia\u017cd\u017cona przez ogromne ci\u015bnienie powietrza, uduszona przez atmosfer\u0119, spalona na popi\u00f3\u0142 przez pal\u0105cy upa\u0142 i rozpuszczona przez kwas.<\/p>\n

Powierzchnia Wenus zosta\u0142a zbadana za pomoc\u0105 radaru. Mapy pokazuj\u0105 tysi\u0105ce wulkan\u00f3w i krater\u00f3w uderzeniowych. Znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 tam dwa g\u0142\u00f3wne obszary wy\u017cynne, w tym pasmo g\u00f3rskie wy\u017csze od Mount Everestu.<\/p>\n

Ksi\u0119\u017cyc odwiedzi\u0142y dziesi\u0105tki sond kosmicznych, ale wci\u0105\u017c pozostaje wiele tajemnic. Sonda \u201eVenus Express\u201d nale\u017c\u0105ca do ESA kr\u0105\u017cy po orbicie niemal polarnej wok\u00f3\u0142 tej planety od momentu jej przybycia w kwietniu 2006 roku. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 jej instrument\u00f3w bada g\u0119st\u0105 atmosfer\u0119 i szybko przemieszczaj\u0105ce si\u0119 chmury lub analizuje wp\u0142yw S\u0142o\u0144ca na planet\u0119. Jednak jej czujnik podczerwieni umo\u017cliwi\u0142 r\u00f3wnie\u017c sporz\u0105dzenie mapy cz\u0119\u015bci powierzchni i wykaza\u0142, \u017ce na s\u0105siadce Ziemi mog\u0105 istnie\u0107 aktywne wulkany.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Venus is the second planet from the Sun, so it is always fairly close to the Sun in the sky. It appears as a brilliant morning or evening \u201cstar\u201d \u2013 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2002\/01\/venus_in_ultraviolet_light2\/17863345-3-eng-GB\/Venus_in_ultraviolet_light.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Venus in ultraviolet light","esa_banner_credit":"L. Esposito (University of Colorado, Boulder), and NASA\/ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2002\/01\/Venus_in_ultraviolet_light2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-924","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/924","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=924"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/924\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2067,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/924\/revisions\/2067"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=924"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=924"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=924"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=924"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=924"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=924"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=924"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=924"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=924"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=924"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}