{"id":920,"date":"2004-11-15T15:48:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-15T14:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/titan\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:33:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:33:47","slug":"titan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/titan\/","title":{"rendered":"Titan"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Tytan jest wi\u0119kszy od Merkurego. Jest to r\u00f3wnie\u017c drugi co do wielko\u015bci ksi\u0119\u017cyc w Uk\u0142adzie S\u0142onecznym i jedyny ksi\u0119\u017cyc posiadaj\u0105cy g\u0119st\u0105 atmosfer\u0119. Podobnie jak na Ziemi, g\u0142\u00f3wnym gazem jest azot, ale na Tytanie panuje znacznie ni\u017csza temperatura. Jego powierzchnia jest g\u0142\u0119boko zamarzni\u0119ta \u2013 panuje tam temperatura minus 180 stopni Celsjusza. Gdyby zrobi\u0142o si\u0119 tam cieplej, na Tytanie mog\u0142oby istnie\u0107 \u017cycie.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Do momentu przybycia sondy kosmicznej Cassini-Huygens, b\u0119d\u0105cej wsp\u00f3lnym projektem NASA i ESA, w 2004 roku niewiele wiadomo by\u0142o o Tytanie. Jego powierzchnia jest ukryta pod grub\u0105 warstw\u0105 pomara\u0144czowych chmur.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1024\" data-credit=\"NASA\/JPL\/Space Science Institute\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/10\/Titan_s_first_close-up5\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/10\/titan_s_first_close-up5\/17892057-2-eng-GB\/Titan_s_first_close-up.jpg\" alt=\"Titan&#x27;s first close-up\"><figcaption>Pierwsze zbli\u017cenie na \u201eTytana\u201d<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>14 stycznia 2005 r. sonda Huygens nale\u017c\u0105ca do ESA dokona\u0142a historycznego l\u0105dowania na Tytanie. Podczas trwaj\u0105cego 2\u00bd godziny opadania sond\u0119 Huygens znosi\u0142y na wsch\u00f3d wiatry na du\u017cych wysoko\u015bciach, osi\u0105gaj\u0105ce pr\u0119dko\u015b\u0107 ponad 100 km na godzin\u0119. Na wysoko\u015bci 7 km wiatry zmieni\u0142y kierunek, delikatnie przenosz\u0105c sond\u0119 \u2018Huygens\u2019 na zach\u00f3d w ostatnich minutach opadania. Sonda \u201eHuygens\u201d odkry\u0142a lodowy krajobraz naznaczony ciemnymi kana\u0142ami wij\u0105cymi si\u0119 w kierunku g\u0142adkiej \u201elinii brzegowej\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Atmosfera Tytana sk\u0142ada si\u0119 w oko\u0142o 5 procentach z metanu. Pod wp\u0142ywem promieniowania s\u0142onecznego metan tworzy g\u0119st\u0105 pomara\u0144czow\u0105 mg\u0142\u0119. (Na Ziemi metan jest spalany w kot\u0142ach i kuchenkach.) Burze metanowe czasami wype\u0142niaj\u0105 wyschni\u0119te koryta, tworz\u0105c tymczasowe rzeki, kt\u00f3re eroduj\u0105 powierzchni\u0119 i przenosz\u0105 lu\u017any materia\u0142 na pobliskie r\u00f3wniny.<\/p>\n<p>Podczas ponad 70 przelot\u00f3w obok Tytana radary i instrumenty na podczerwie\u0144 sondy Cassini sporz\u0105dzi\u0142y mapy znacznej cz\u0119\u015bci powierzchni tej planety. Odkryto wiele niezwyk\u0142ych formacji, w tym ogromne wydmy z piasku w\u0119glowodorowego, pasma g\u00f3rskie, jeziora metanu oraz potencjalne wulkany lodowe. (W\u0119glowodory sk\u0142adaj\u0105 si\u0119 z wodoru i w\u0119gla. Przyk\u0142adami na Ziemi s\u0105 w\u0119giel kamienny, sadza i smo\u0142a.)<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Titan is larger than the planet Mercury. It is also the second largest moon in the Solar System, and the only moon with a dense atmosphere. Just as on Earth, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/10\/huygens_probe_descending_through_titan_s_atmosphere4\/18244995-2-eng-GB\/Huygens_probe_descending_through_Titan_s_atmosphere.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Huygens probe descending through Titan's atmosphere","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/10\/Huygens_probe_descending_through_Titan_s_atmosphere4","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-920","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/920","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=920"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/920\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4740,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/920\/revisions\/4740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=920"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=920"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=920"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}