{"id":834,"date":"2004-12-02T15:32:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:32:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/building_a_spacecraft\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:48","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:48","slug":"building_a_spacecraft","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/building_a_spacecraft\/","title":{"rendered":"Budowa statku kosmicznego"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Statki kosmiczne maj\u0105 r\u00f3\u017cne kszta\u0142ty i rozmiary. Pe\u0142ni\u0105 wiele r\u00f3\u017cnych funkcji. W przeciwie\u0144stwie do samochod\u00f3w rzadko zdarza si\u0119, by wi\u0119cej ni\u017c 10 satelit\u00f3w by\u0142o identycznych. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 z nich to egzemplarze jedyne w swoim rodzaju, a ka\u017cdy z nich jest starannie montowany r\u0119cznie. Mimo to wszystkie s\u0105 projektowane i budowane w ten sam spos\u00f3b.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Satelita sk\u0142ada si\u0119 z dw\u00f3ch g\u0142\u00f3wnych cz\u0119\u015bci: platformy (lub podwozia) oraz \u0142adunku (przyrz\u0105d\u00f3w lub eksperyment\u00f3w).<\/p>\n

Platforma stanowi podstawow\u0105 konstrukcj\u0119 metalow\u0105. Musi by\u0107 ona wytrzyma\u0142a, ale jednocze\u015bnie lekka. Obejmuje ona szkielet, wok\u00f3\u0142 kt\u00f3rego zbudowano ca\u0142o\u015b\u0107, oraz r\u00f3\u017cne systemy statku kosmicznego \u2013 silniki manewrowe, silnik g\u0142\u00f3wny, zbiorniki paliwa i uk\u0142ad zasilania. \u0141adunek u\u017cytkowy obejmuje sprz\u0119t s\u0142u\u017c\u0105cy do komunikacji z Ziemi\u0105, a tak\u017ce kamery i inne instrumenty naukowe.<\/p>\n

Cz\u0119\u015bci satelity s\u0105 produkowane w wielu r\u00f3\u017cnych miejscach. Wszystkie s\u0105 nast\u0119pnie wysy\u0142ane do jednego o\u015brodka, gdzie s\u0105 montowane i testowane w specjalnych pomieszczeniach czystych. Dopiero wtedy statek kosmiczny trafia do o\u015brodka startowego.<\/p>\n

Poniewa\u017c w kosmosie nie ma warsztat\u00f3w, wiele satelit\u00f3w posiada na pok\u0142adzie w\u0142asne \u2018cz\u0119\u015bci zamienne\u2019. W razie awarii kontrolerzy naziemni mog\u0105 nakaza\u0107 statkowi kosmicznemu prze\u0142\u0105czenie si\u0119 na rezerwowy element sprz\u0119tu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Spacecraft come in many shapes and sizes. They perform many different jobs. Unlike cars, it is rare to find more than 10 satellites that are the same. Most of them […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2001\/11\/building_blocks2\/17864824-3-eng-GB\/building_blocks.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2001\/11\/building_blocks2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,44,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-834","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-spacecraft","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/834","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=834"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/834\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1977,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/834\/revisions\/1977"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=834"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=834"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=834"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=834"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=834"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=834"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=834"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=834"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=834"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=834"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}