{"id":825,"date":"2004-12-02T15:50:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:50:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/ground_stations\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:42","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:42","slug":"ground_stations","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/ground_stations\/","title":{"rendered":"Stacje naziemne"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Europejskie Centrum Operacji Kosmicznych (ESOC) jest po\u0142\u0105czone z globaln\u0105 sieci\u0105 stacji naziemnych.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Po wystrzeleniu dane z satelity s\u0105 przesy\u0142ane do tych stacji naziemnych, a nast\u0119pnie do ESOC. Informacje te s\u0142u\u017c\u0105 do obliczania orbity oraz monitorowania stanu satelity przez 24 godziny na dob\u0119, siedem dni w tygodniu.<\/p>\n

Sie\u0107 obejmuje szereg du\u017cych stacji w Europie i Australii, w tym stacj\u0119 w Kirunie w Szwecji, w Redu w Belgii oraz w Villafranca i Cebreros w Hiszpanii.<\/p>\n

W innych cz\u0119\u015bciach \u015bwiata powsta\u0142o kilka mniejszych stacji, m.in. w Kourou \u2013 europejskim porcie kosmicznym w Ameryce Po\u0142udniowej \u2013 oraz na wyspie Santa Maria w Portugalii. Stacje te s\u0105 wykorzystywane g\u0142\u00f3wnie podczas startu i w pocz\u0105tkowych fazach misji.<\/p>\n

W 2003 roku w miejscowo\u015bci New Norcia, niedaleko Perth w Australii, zbudowano now\u0105 anten\u0119 o wysoko\u015bci 35 metr\u00f3w. Ta gigantyczna antena paraboliczna, wa\u017c\u0105ca 120 ton, zosta\u0142a zaprojektowana do komunikacji z misjami w przestrzeni kosmicznej, takimi jak \u201eRosetta\u201d i \u201eMars Express\u201d. Jej powierzchnia jest niezwykle g\u0142adka \u2013 nie ma na niej \u017cadnych nier\u00f3wno\u015bci wi\u0119kszych ni\u017c 0,3 mm. W 2005 roku podobn\u0105 anten\u0119 zbudowano w Cebreros w Hiszpanii, a w 2012 roku do sieci do\u0142\u0105czy kolejna w Malarg\u00fce w Argentynie.<\/p>\n

Stacje naziemne s\u0105 zaprojektowane do pracy na r\u00f3\u017cnych cz\u0119stotliwo\u015bciach radiowych, podobnych do tych wykorzystywanych przez telefony kom\u00f3rkowe. S\u0105 one tak czu\u0142e, \u017ce potrafi\u0105 wychwyci\u0107 sygna\u0142y o mocy por\u00f3wnywalnej do zwyk\u0142ej \u017car\u00f3wki, pochodz\u0105ce ze statku kosmicznego znajduj\u0105cego si\u0119 miliony kilometr\u00f3w dalej.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) is linked to a worldwide network of ground stations. After a launch, data from the satellite is sent to these ground stations and then […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2003\/02\/australia_-_esa_deep_space_ground_station2\/17873741-2-eng-GB\/Australia_-_ESA_deep_space_ground_station.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Australia - ESA deep space ground station","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2003\/02\/Australia_-_ESA_deep_space_ground_station2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-825","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/825","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=825"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/825\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1968,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/825\/revisions\/1968"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=825"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=825"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=825"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=825"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=825"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=825"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=825"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=825"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=825"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=825"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}