{"id":815,"date":"2004-12-03T09:46:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-03T08:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/bridging_the_world\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:35","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:35","slug":"bridging_the_world","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/bridging_the_world\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0141\u0105cz\u0105c \u015bwiat"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Dzisiaj jeste\u015bmy przyzwyczajeni do ogl\u0105dania na \u017cywo program\u00f3w telewizyjnych z drugiego ko\u0144ca \u015bwiata. Dzi\u0119ki satelitom komunikacyjnym mo\u017cemy ogl\u0105da\u0107 wydarzenia sportowe, wywiady, przem\u00f3wienia, a nawet wojny, siedz\u0105c wygodnie w fotelu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Pierwsze eksperymenty polegaj\u0105ce na odbijaniu sygna\u0142\u00f3w radiowych od du\u017cych balon\u00f3w w przestrzeni kosmicznej nie zako\u0144czy\u0142y si\u0119 sukcesem. W lipcu 1962 roku pojawi\u0142 si\u0119 satelita o nazwie Telstar. Wywo\u0142a\u0142 on sensacj\u0119, przesy\u0142aj\u0105c pierwsze na \u017cywo obrazy telewizyjne z Ameryki do Europy. Obecnie istnieje setki satelit\u00f3w komunikacyjnych. Wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 z nich nale\u017cy do prywatnych firm. Kr\u0105\u017c\u0105 one po orbitach geostacjonarnych, 36 000 km nad r\u00f3wnikiem, dzi\u0119ki czemu mog\u0105 nadawa\u0107 sygna\u0142 na rozleg\u0142ym obszarze.<\/p>\n

Sygna\u0142y telewizyjne, telefoniczne i radiowe s\u0105 wysy\u0142ane do satelity za pomoc\u0105 du\u017cej anteny parabolicznej. S\u0105 one wzmacniane przez satelit\u0119, a nast\u0119pnie przesy\u0142ane do stacji odbiorczej. Sygna\u0142y telewizyjne mog\u0105 by\u0107 r\u00f3wnie\u017c nadawane bezpo\u015brednio do anten parabolicznych zainstalowanych na dachach dom\u00f3w.<\/p>\n

Satelity komunikacyjne s\u0105 obecnie bardzo du\u017ce i wydajne. Wiele z nich jest wynoszonych na orbit\u0119 przez europejsk\u0105 rakiet\u0119 \u201eAriane\u201d. Satelita Thaicom 4, wyniesiony przez rakiet\u0119 \u201eAriane-5\u201d 11 sierpnia 2005 r., wa\u017cy\u0142 6,5 tony. By\u0142 to najwi\u0119kszy satelita komunikacyjny nale\u017c\u0105cy do podmiotu prywatnego, jaki kiedykolwiek wyniesiono na orbit\u0119.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Today, we are used to watching live TV from the other side of the world. Sports events, interviews, speeches, wars can all be seen from the comfort of an armchair, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/12\/kids_watching_tv2\/17867599-3-eng-GB\/kids_watching_tv.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"AP Photo\/Luis Romero","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/12\/kids_watching_tv2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-815","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/815","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=815"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/815\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1958,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/815\/revisions\/1958"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=815"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=815"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=815"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}