{"id":803,"date":"2011-07-05T08:28:00","date_gmt":"2011-07-05T06:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/satellite_television\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:26","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:26","slug":"satellite_television","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/satellite_television\/","title":{"rendered":"Telewizja satelitarna"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Dzisiaj uwa\u017camy za co\u015b oczywistego, \u017ce mo\u017cemy ogl\u0105da\u0107 na \u017cywo w telewizji relacje z takich wydarze\u0144 jak mistrzostwa \u015bwiata w pi\u0142ce no\u017cnej czy igrzyska olimpijskie. Obrazy te cz\u0119sto docieraj\u0105 na wasze ekrany z drugiego ko\u0144ca \u015bwiata.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Mo\u017cliwe jest to dzi\u0119ki pier\u015bcieniowi satelit\u00f3w komunikacyjnych na orbicie geostacjonarnej. Satelity te, kr\u0105\u017c\u0105ce oko\u0142o 36 000 km nad r\u00f3wnikiem, wydaj\u0105 si\u0119 zawisn\u0105\u0107 nad t\u0105 sam\u0105 cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 powierzchni Ziemi. Odbieraj\u0105 sygna\u0142y telewizyjne z anten parabolicznych na ziemi, a nast\u0119pnie je wzmacniaj\u0105. Nast\u0119pnie satelita retransmituje obraz i d\u017awi\u0119k z powrotem do widz\u00f3w.<\/p>\n

Nowoczesna era telewizji satelitarnej rozpocz\u0119\u0142a si\u0119 w lipcu 1962 roku, kiedy to satelita Telstar 1 przekaza\u0142 pierwsze programy telewizyjne na \u017cywo ze Stan\u00f3w Zjednoczonych do Wielkiej Brytanii. Nast\u0119pnie, w 1965 roku, satelita Early Bird sta\u0142 si\u0119 pierwszym satelit\u0105 wykorzystywanym do regularnych transmisji telewizyjnych mi\u0119dzy Ameryk\u0105 P\u00f3\u0142nocn\u0105 a Europ\u0105.<\/p>\n

W przesz\u0142o\u015bci sygna\u0142y telewizyjne musia\u0142y by\u0107 przesy\u0142ane do du\u017cych anten parabolicznych w specjalnych stacjach naziemnych, zanim trafia\u0142y do lokalnych anten. Obecnie sygna\u0142y satelitarne s\u0105 tak silne, \u017ce mog\u0105 by\u0107 odbierane przez ma\u0142e anteny paraboliczne zamontowane na dachach biurowc\u00f3w i dom\u00f3w. Ta forma telewizji cyfrowej, dostarczanej bezpo\u015brednio do odbiorc\u00f3w (DTH), zyska\u0142a du\u017c\u0105 popularno\u015b\u0107 w wielu krajach.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017cna r\u00f3wnie\u017c nawi\u0105zywa\u0107 bezpo\u015brednie po\u0142\u0105czenia satelitarne mi\u0119dzy odleg\u0142ymi oddzia\u0142ami lub mi\u0119dzy lekarzami w miejskich szpitalach a pacjentami w odleg\u0142ych wiejskich miejscowo\u015bciach. Satelity s\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c wykorzystywane do cyfrowych transmisji radiowych, kt\u00f3re mog\u0105 odbiera\u0107 samochody i przeno\u015bne odbiorniki radiowe.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Today, we take it for granted that we can see live TV pictures of events such as the World Cup or the Olympic Games. These pictures have often travelled to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2008\/11\/satellite_control_software_expertise_simplifies_digital_tv_channel_broadcasting2\/17878107-2-eng-GB\/Satellite_control_software_expertise_simplifies_digital_TV_channel_broadcasting.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"AFP","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2008\/11\/Satellite_control_software_expertise_simplifies_digital_TV_channel_broadcasting2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/803","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=803"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/803\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1946,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/803\/revisions\/1946"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=803"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=803"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=803"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=803"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=803"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=803"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=803"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=803"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=803"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=803"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}