{"id":718,"date":"2012-03-27T12:48:00","date_gmt":"2012-03-27T10:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/keeping_an_eye_from_the_sky_on_volcanoes\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:30","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:30","slug":"keeping_an_eye_from_the_sky_on_volcanoes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/keeping_an_eye_from_the_sky_on_volcanoes\/","title":{"rendered":"Obserwacja wulkan\u00f3w \u2013 z powietrza"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Erupcja wulkanu Eyjafjallaj\u00f6kull na Islandii w 2010 roku pokaza\u0142a nam, \u017ce erupcje wulkaniczne mog\u0105 mie\u0107 powa\u017cne konsekwencje, dotykaj\u0105ce tysi\u0105ce ludzi. Dlatego satelity monitoruj\u0105ce wulkany s\u0105 niezwykle wa\u017cne.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Niestety wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 wulkan\u00f3w na \u015bwiecie nie jest monitorowana zbyt dobrze, a niekt\u00f3re w og\u00f3le nie s\u0105 monitorowane! Badanie opublikowane w czasopi\u015bmie \u201eScience\u201d wykaza\u0142o, \u017ce spo\u015br\u00f3d 440 aktywnych wulkan\u00f3w na \u015bwiecie 384 s\u0105 monitorowane w bardzo podstawowy spos\u00f3b lub w og\u00f3le nie s\u0105 monitorowane. Spo\u015br\u00f3d tych wulkan\u00f3w 65 uznano za stanowi\u0105ce powa\u017cne zagro\u017cenie dla du\u017cych grup ludno\u015bci.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"487\" data-credit=\"J. Biggs, University of Bristol\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/03\/Alutu_Volcano2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/03\/alutu_volcano2\/17870227-2-eng-GB\/Alutu_Volcano.jpg\" alt=\"Alutu Volcano\"><figcaption>Wulkan Alutu<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Satelity obserwuj\u0105ce Ziemi\u0119, takie jak Envisat nale\u017c\u0105cy do ESA, mog\u0105 wykrywa\u0107 zmiany w aktywno\u015bci wulkan\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re nie s\u0105 monitorowane, za pomoc\u0105 interferometrycznego radaru z syntetyczn\u0105 apertur\u0105 (InSAR). InSAR to technika teledetekcyjna polegaj\u0105ca na wykonaniu co najmniej dw\u00f3ch zdj\u0119\u0107 radarowych tego samego obszaru i ich po\u0142\u0105czeniu. W ten spos\u00f3b mo\u017cemy sprawdzi\u0107, czy w okresie mi\u0119dzy wykonaniem pierwszego a drugiego zdj\u0119cia nast\u0105pi\u0142y jakiekolwiek zmiany powierzchniowe. Zmiany te s\u0105 widoczne na nowym, po\u0142\u0105czonym obrazie w postaci wzor\u00f3w w kolorach t\u0119czy.<\/p>\n<p>W wyniku tych obserwacji satelitarnych okaza\u0142o si\u0119, \u017ce wiele wulkan\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re wcze\u015bniej uwa\u017cali\u015bmy za u\u015bpione, wykazuje obecnie oznaki aktywno\u015bci.<\/p>\n<p>Oczekuje si\u0119, \u017ce nowe satelity Sentinel b\u0119d\u0105 przez najbli\u017csze 20 lat co sze\u015b\u0107 dni gromadzi\u0107 dane dotycz\u0105ce wszystkich obszar\u00f3w l\u0105dowych, w tym wulkan\u00f3w. Pierwszy z tych satelit\u00f3w zostanie wystrzelony w przysz\u0142ym roku, czyli w 2013 roku. Pomo\u017ce to w monitorowaniu wielu wulkan\u00f3w na ca\u0142ym \u015bwiecie.<\/p>\n<p>Korzystaj\u0105c z danych satelitarnych, naukowcy pr\u00f3buj\u0105 ustali\u0107, kiedy aktywno\u015b\u0107 wulkaniczna doprowadzi do erupcji. Dane satelitarne mog\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c pom\u00f3c pa\u0144stwom w opracowaniu plan\u00f3w ewakuacyjnych dla os\u00f3b mieszkaj\u0105cych w pobli\u017cu wulkan\u00f3w, kt\u00f3rych \u017cycie mo\u017ce by\u0107 zagro\u017cone.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The eruption of the Eyjafjallaj\u00f6kull volcano in Iceland in 2010 showed us that volcanic eruptions can have major consequences, affecting thousands of people. That is why satellites that keep an [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/06\/puzzle_-_volcanoes2\/17895497-2-eng-GB\/Puzzle_-_Volcanoes.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/06\/Puzzle_-_Volcanoes2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,59],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-718","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-natural-disasters"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/718","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=718"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/718\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4646,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/718\/revisions\/4646"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=718"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=718"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=718"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}