{"id":676,"date":"2013-04-24T07:12:00","date_gmt":"2013-04-24T05:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/herschel_solves_mystery_of_jupiter_s_water\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:02","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:02","slug":"herschel_solves_mystery_of_jupiter_s_water","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/herschel_solves_mystery_of_jupiter_s_water\/","title":{"rendered":"Herschel rozwi\u0105zuje zagadk\u0119 wody na Jowiszu"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Jowisz, najwi\u0119ksza planeta Uk\u0142adu S\u0142onecznego, sk\u0142ada si\u0119 g\u0142\u00f3wnie z gaz\u00f3w \u2013 wodoru i helu. W jej g\u00f3rnych warstwach atmosfery wykryto \u015bladowe ilo\u015bci wody, ale do tej pory nikt nie by\u0142 pewien, sk\u0105d ta woda si\u0119 wzi\u0119\u0142a. Odpowied\u017a na t\u0119 d\u0142ugoletni\u0105 zagadk\u0119 dostarczy\u0142o obserwatorium kosmiczne Herschel nale\u017c\u0105ce do ESA, najczulszy teleskop na podczerwie\u0144, jaki kiedykolwiek wystrzelono w kosmos. Herschel znalaz\u0142 niezbite dowody na to, \u017ce woda zosta\u0142a dostarczona przez liczne uderzenia komet w lipcu 1994 roku!<\/p>\n<p>Zderzenia z nadlatuj\u0105cymi od\u0142amkami kosmicznymi stanowi\u0105 ci\u0105g\u0142e zagro\u017cenie dla planet Uk\u0142adu S\u0142onecznego, w tym dla Ziemi. Jednak naukowcy zaobserwowali dotychczas niewiele takich zderze\u0144. Pierwsza bezpo\u015brednia obserwacja takiego zdarzenia mia\u0142a miejsce na Jowiszu 19 lat temu. Astronomowie z zadziwieniem obserwowali, jak 21 fragment\u00f3w komety Shoemaker-Levy 9 wpad\u0142o w g\u00f3rne warstwy atmosfery tej planety i eksplodowa\u0142o.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1765\" data-credit=\"Water map: ESA\/Herschel\/T. Cavali\u00e9 et al.; Jupiter image: NASA\/ESA\/Reta Beebe (New Mexico State University)\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2013\/04\/Water_in_Jupiter_s_atmosphere2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/04\/water_in_jupiter_s_atmosphere2\/17899570-2-eng-GB\/Water_in_Jupiter_s_atmosphere.jpg\" alt=\"Water in Jupiter&#x27;s atmosphere\"><figcaption>Woda w atmosferze Jowisza<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Kosmiczne Obserwatorium Podczerwieni ESA, wystrzelone w 1995 roku, jako pierwsze wykry\u0142o i zbada\u0142o wod\u0119 w g\u00f3rnych warstwach atmosfery Jowisza. Naukowcom uda\u0142o si\u0119 wykluczy\u0107 \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142o wewn\u0119trzne, takie jak woda unosz\u0105ca si\u0119 z g\u0142\u0119bi planety. Je\u015bli jednak woda zosta\u0142a dostarczona z zewn\u0105trz, to sk\u0105d si\u0119 wzi\u0119\u0142a?<\/p>\n<p>Powszechnie spekulowano, \u017ce \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142em tej wody mog\u0142a by\u0107 kometa Shoemaker-Levy 9, ale brakowa\u0142o na to bezpo\u015brednich dowod\u00f3w. Teraz czu\u0142e \u201eoczy\u201d teleskopu Herschel dzia\u0142aj\u0105ce w podczerwieni rozwi\u0105za\u0142y t\u0119 zagadk\u0119. Obserwatorium kosmiczne wykry\u0142o na po\u0142udniowej p\u00f3\u0142kuli Jowisza 2\u20133 razy wi\u0119cej wody ni\u017c na p\u00f3\u0142nocnej. \u015alady wody wyst\u0119puj\u0105 wy\u0142\u0105cznie na du\u017cych wysoko\u015bciach, a wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 z nich skupia si\u0119 w okolicy miejsc uderze\u0144 komety z 1994 roku.<\/p>\n<p>Jeszcze bardziej szczeg\u00f3\u0142owe obserwacje gaz\u00f3w tworz\u0105cych pot\u0119\u017cn\u0105 atmosfer\u0119 Jowisza przeprowadzi misja JUICE agencji ESA, kt\u00f3rej start w kierunku tej gigantycznej planety zaplanowano na rok 2022.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jupiter, the largest planet in the Solar System, is mostly made of the gases hydrogen and helium. Tiny amounts of water have been found in its upper atmosphere, but, until [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2013\/04\/shoemaker-levy_9_impact_site_g\/17905016-2-eng-GB\/Shoemaker-Levy_9_impact_site_G.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Shoemaker-Levy 9 impact site G","esa_banner_credit":"R. Evans, J. Trauger, H. 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