{"id":391,"date":"2018-05-07T12:06:00","date_gmt":"2018-05-07T10:06:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/mystery_of_the_missing_matter\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:27:38","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:27:38","slug":"mystery_of_the_missing_matter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/mystery_of_the_missing_matter\/","title":{"rendered":"Tajemnica zaginionej materii"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Czy wiesz, \u017ce we Wszech\u015bwiecie wydaje si\u0119 brakowa\u0107 pewnej ilo\u015bci materii? By\u0107 mo\u017ce s\u0142ysza\u0142e\u015b o ciemnej materii, kt\u00f3ra jest bardzo tajemnicza i kt\u00f3rej naukowcy jeszcze nie odkryli. Jednak zwyk\u0142a materia, z kt\u00f3rej zbudowane s\u0105 rzeczy, do kt\u00f3rych jeste\u015bmy przyzwyczajeni \u2013 gwiazdy, planety i wszystko, co mo\u017cemy zobaczy\u0107, dotkn\u0105\u0107 lub pow\u0105cha\u0107 \u2013 r\u00f3wnie\u017c mo\u017ce by\u0107 tajemnicza! Badaj\u0105c pobliskie galaktyki, odkryli\u015bmy, \u017ce niekt\u00f3re z nich zawieraj\u0105 trzy razy mniej materii, ni\u017c mo\u017cna by si\u0119 spodziewa\u0107. Nasza w\u0142asna galaktyka \u2013 Droga Mleczna \u2013 zawiera mniej ni\u017c po\u0142ow\u0119 materii, jak\u0105 powinna! Gdzie jest ta brakuj\u0105ca materia?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Astronomowie po\u015bwi\u0119cili mn\u00f3stwo czasu i wysi\u0142ku, pr\u00f3buj\u0105c odnale\u017a\u0107 zaginion\u0105 materi\u0119. Zamiast szuka\u0107 jej w g\u0142\u00f3wnej cz\u0119\u015bci galaktyk, gdzie znajduje si\u0119 wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 gwiazd, grupa naukowc\u00f3w wpad\u0142a na pomys\u0142: mo\u017ce ta materia znajduje si\u0119 w halo galaktyk. Halo to obszary gor\u0105cego gazu otaczaj\u0105ce galaktyki. Obserwacja halo jest trudna, a astronomowie zazwyczaj s\u0105 w stanie jedynie zajrze\u0107 do ich wn\u0119trza, nie widz\u0105c zbyt daleko. Czy halo galaktyk mo\u017ce by\u0107 idealn\u0105 kryj\u00f3wk\u0105 dla zaginionej materii we wszech\u015bwiecie?<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"2500\" data-credit=\"ESA-C. Carreau\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/XMM-Newton\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/xmm-newton\/17879070-2-eng-GB\/XMM-Newton.jpg\" alt=\"XMM-Newton\"><figcaption>XMM-Newton<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Zesp\u00f3\u0142 astronom\u00f3w wykorzysta\u0142 teleskop kosmiczny ESA o nazwie XMM-Newton, aby zbada\u0107 halo galaktyk g\u0142\u0119biej ni\u017c dotychczas w poszukiwaniu materii. XMM-Newton jest teleskopem rentgenowskim, co oznacza, \u017ce nie widzi on zwyk\u0142ego \u015bwiat\u0142a, kt\u00f3re dostrzegaj\u0105 nasze oczy, lecz obserwuje promieniowanie rentgenowskie. Badanie halo galaktyk za pomoc\u0105 promieniowania rentgenowskiego pozwala na uzyskanie lepszych wynik\u00f3w obserwacji!<\/p>\n<p>Zesp\u00f3\u0142 przeanalizowa\u0142 sze\u015b\u0107 galaktyk spiralnych, poszukuj\u0105c wskaz\u00f3wek sugeruj\u0105cych obecno\u015b\u0107 materii. Po sprawdzeniu danych by\u0142 gotowy og\u0142osi\u0107 wyniki: wci\u0105\u017c brakowa\u0142o prawie trzech czwartych oczekiwanej ilo\u015bci materii!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"3774\" data-credit=\"ESA\/XMM-Newton; J-T. Li (University of Michigan, USA); Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS)\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/Searching_galactic_haloes_for_missing_matter\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/searching_galactic_haloes_for_missing_matter\/17907606-2-eng-GB\/Searching_galactic_haloes_for_missing_matter.jpg\" alt=\"Searching galactic haloes for \u2018missing\u2019 matter\"><figcaption>Poszukiwanie \u2018zaginionej\u2019 materii w halo galaktyk<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Gdzie wi\u0119c mo\u017ce si\u0119 znajdowa\u0107? Istnieje kilka teorii. By\u0107 mo\u017ce jest ona zawarta w jakim\u015b gazie, kt\u00f3ry trudno nam zaobserwowa\u0107. Mo\u017ce znajdowa\u0107 si\u0119 w obszarze przestrzeni kosmicznej, kt\u00f3rego jeszcze nie zbadali\u015bmy. A mo\u017ce ta materia rzeczywi\u015bcie znajduje si\u0119 w halach, ale jej promieniowanie rentgenowskie jest zbyt s\u0142abe, by mog\u0142a je wykry\u0107 nawet sonda XMM-Newton.<\/p>\n<p>Naukowcy ch\u0119tnie kontynuuj\u0105 badania. By\u0107 mo\u017ce pewnego dnia uda nam si\u0119 rozwi\u0105za\u0107 zagadk\u0119 zaginionej materii!<\/p>\n<p><b>Ciekawostka:<\/b> Nadchodz\u0105cy projekt ESA \u2013 \u201eAdvanced Telescope for High-ENergy Astrophysics\u201d (Zaawansowany teleskop do astrofizyki wysokich energii) \u2013 b\u0119dzie bada\u0142 zewn\u0119trzne obszary galaktyk w poszukiwaniu zaginionej materii.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Did you know that the Universe seems to be missing some matter? You may have heard of dark matter, which is very mysterious and has yet to be found by [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2018\/05\/anatomy_of_the_milky_way\/17882733-2-eng-GB\/Anatomy_of_the_Milky_Way.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Anatomy of the Milky Way","esa_banner_credit":"NASA\/JPL-Caltech; right: ESA; layout: ESA\/ATG medialab","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2018\/05\/Anatomy_of_the_Milky_Way","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/391","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=391"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/391\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4438,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/391\/revisions\/4438"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=391"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=391"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=391"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}