{"id":1106,"date":"2006-01-20T13:10:00","date_gmt":"2006-01-20T12:10:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/neptune\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:36:04","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:36:04","slug":"neptune","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/neptune\/","title":{"rendered":"Neptun"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Neptun zosta\u0142 odkryty w 1846 roku przez Johanna Galle\u2019a, astronoma z Obserwatorium Berli\u0144skiego. Galle wiedzia\u0142, gdzie szuka\u0107, dzi\u0119ki obliczeniom francuskiego matematyka Urbaina Le Verriera. Zar\u00f3wno Le Verrier, jak i John Adams z Anglii zdali sobie spraw\u0119, \u017ce niewidzialna planeta oddzia\u0142uje grawitacyjnie na Uran, powoduj\u0105c spowolnienie lub przyspieszenie jego ruchu.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Neptun okaza\u0142 si\u0119 niemal identycznym bli\u017aniakiem Urana. Jest 57 razy wi\u0119kszy od Ziemi, ale obraca si\u0119 do\u015b\u0107 szybko \u2013 jeden dzie\u0144 trwa zaledwie 16 godzin i 7 minut. Jego \u015brednia odleg\u0142o\u015b\u0107 od S\u0142o\u0144ca wynosi oko\u0142o 4 500 milion\u00f3w km, a jeden rok na Neptunie trwa prawie 165 lat ziemskich.<\/p>\n

Podobnie jak Uran, posiada atmosfer\u0119 z\u0142o\u017con\u0105 z wodoru, helu i metanu. Jej wn\u0119trze sk\u0142ada si\u0119 z lodu, a prawdopodobnie posiada skaliste j\u0105dro. Chocia\u017c atmosfera jest bardzo zimna (-220 stopni C), na tej niebieskiej planecie wyst\u0119puj\u0105 bardzo silne wiatry i gwa\u0142towne burze. Sonda \u201eVoyager 2\u201d sfotografowa\u0142a ogromn\u0105 plam\u0119 wielko\u015bci Ziemi.<\/p>\n

Neptun posiada co najmniej pi\u0119\u0107 ciemnych, w\u0105skich pier\u015bcieni (nazwanych na cze\u015b\u0107 Galle\u2019a, Le Verriera, Adamsa i innych os\u00f3b, kt\u00f3re przyczyni\u0142y si\u0119 do odkrycia tej planety).<\/p>\n

Ma 13 znanych ksi\u0119\u017cyc\u00f3w. Zdecydowanie najwi\u0119kszym z nich jest Tryton \u2013 lodowy \u015bwiat wi\u0119kszy od Plutona. Na Trytonie panuje bardzo niska temperatura, wi\u0119c jego rzadka atmosfera zamarz\u0142a na powierzchni. Znajduje si\u0119 tam jednak wiele aktywnych wulkan\u00f3w lodowych, z kt\u00f3rych tryskaj\u0105 strumienie gazu i py\u0142u. Tryton jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c niezwyk\u0142y, poniewa\u017c kr\u0105\u017cy wok\u00f3\u0142 Neptuna \u201cw z\u0142ym kierunku\u201d (ze wschodu na zach\u00f3d). Wydaje si\u0119, \u017ce dawno temu zosta\u0142 schwytany przez grawitacj\u0119 Neptuna.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Neptune was discovered in 1846 by Johann Galle, an astronomer at the Berlin Observatory. Galle knew where to look because of calculations by French mathematician Urbain Le Verrier. Both Le […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/12\/neptune2\/17866082-3-eng-GB\/Neptune.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Neptune","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/12\/Neptune2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,11,12],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1106","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-our-universe","category-planets-and-moons"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1106"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2249,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1106\/revisions\/2249"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1106"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1106"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1106"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}