{"id":1081,"date":"2009-10-30T10:28:00","date_gmt":"2009-10-30T09:28:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/esa_satellite_prepares_for_water_watch\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:35:47","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:35:47","slug":"esa_satellite_prepares_for_water_watch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/esa_satellite_prepares_for_water_watch\/","title":{"rendered":"Satelita ESA przygotowuje si\u0119 do monitorowania zasob\u00f3w wodnych"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Dla przypadkowego przybysza z kosmosu Ziemia wygl\u0105da\u0142aby jak \u015bwiat wody, w wi\u0119kszo\u015bci pokryty oceanami i chmurami. Bez tego cennego p\u0142ynu \u017cycie na Ziemi nie istnia\u0142oby. Jednak wci\u0105\u017c jest wiele rzeczy, kt\u00f3rych nie wiemy o wodzie na naszej planecie oraz o jej wp\u0142ywie na pogod\u0119 i klimat. Oczekuje si\u0119, \u017ce kolejna misja Earth Explorer agencji ESA, znana jako SMOS, dostarczy pewnych odpowiedzi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Woda jest jedyn\u0105 substancj\u0105 naturaln\u0105, kt\u00f3ra na Ziemi mo\u017ce wyst\u0119powa\u0107 w postaci gazowej, ciek\u0142ej lub sta\u0142ej. Gdy jest ogrzewana przez S\u0142o\u0144ce, woda wyparowuje i zamienia si\u0119 w gaz (par\u0119 wodn\u0105). Gaz ten unosi si\u0119 w g\u00f3r\u0119 i och\u0142adza, tworz\u0105c chmury i deszcz. Deszcz spada z powrotem na powierzchni\u0119, zamykaj\u0105c w ten spos\u00f3b obieg wody.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"2490\" data-credit=\"ESA - AOES Medialab\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/07\/SMOS_BR-2782\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/07\/smos_br-2782\/17885841-2-eng-GB\/SMOS_BR-278.jpg\" alt=\"SMOS BR-278\"><\/figure>\n<p>Chocia\u017c wi\u0119kszo\u015b\u0107 pary wodnej pochodzi z ocean\u00f3w, oko\u0142o jednej dziesi\u0105tej jest uwalniana przez ro\u015bliny oraz w wyniku parowania z gleby. Jednak je\u015bli gleba stanie si\u0119 zbyt wilgotna, mo\u017ce to doprowadzi\u0107 do powodzi i erozji gleby. Z kolei zbyt ma\u0142a ilo\u015b\u0107 wilgoci sprawia, \u017ce teren zamienia si\u0119 w pustyni\u0119. Obecnie dost\u0119pnych jest niewiele pomiar\u00f3w wilgotno\u015bci gleby, ale sytuacja ta wkr\u00f3tce ulegnie zmianie wraz z uruchomieniem satelity SMOS.<\/p>\n<p>Satelita b\u0119dzie r\u00f3wnie\u017c mierzy\u0142 zasolenie (\u2018s\u0142ono\u015b\u0107\u2019) ocean\u00f3w, poszukuj\u0105c obszar\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re s\u0105 znacznie bardziej zasolone, a przez to maj\u0105 wi\u0119ksz\u0105 g\u0119sto\u015b\u0107. R\u00f3\u017cnice te wp\u0142ywaj\u0105 na pr\u0105dy oceaniczne, kt\u00f3re z kolei oddzia\u0142uj\u0105 na pogod\u0119 i klimat.<\/p>\n<p>Satelita SMOS jest wyposa\u017cony w specjalny przyrz\u0105d do pomiaru zar\u00f3wno wilgotno\u015bci gleby, jak i zasolenia ocean\u00f3w. 69 odbiornik\u00f3w umieszczonych na ramionach w kszta\u0142cie litery Y b\u0119dzie mierzy\u0107 promieniowanie mikrofalowe dochodz\u0105ce z powierzchni. B\u0119d\u0105 one w stanie wykry\u0107 wilgotno\u015b\u0107 gleby na poziomie zaledwie 4% \u2013 co odpowiada jednej \u0142y\u017ceczce wody w gar\u015bci suchej gleby. W trakcie trzyletniej misji satelita stworzy pierwsze globalne mapy wilgotno\u015bci gleby i zasolenia ocean\u00f3w sporz\u0105dzone z kosmosu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>To a passing alien, Earth would appear as a water world, largely covered by oceans and clouds. Without this precious liquid, life on Earth would not exist. However, there is [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2009\/09\/smos_in_orbit2\/18245588-2-eng-GB\/SMOS_in_orbit.jpg","esa_banner_description":"SMOS in orbit","esa_banner_credit":"ESA\/AOES Medialab","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2009\/09\/SMOS_in_orbit2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,66],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-1081","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-water-world"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1081","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1081"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1081\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4840,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1081\/revisions\/4840"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1081"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=1081"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=1081"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}