{"id":841,"date":"2004-12-02T15:46:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:46:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/expendable_or_reusable\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:53","slug":"expendable_or_reusable","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/expendable_or_reusable\/","title":{"rendered":"Engangsbruk eller gjenbrukbar?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Hver gang den europeiske Ariane 5-raketten skyter opp fra Kourou, faller raketttrinnene ned i havet eller brenner opp i atmosf\u00e6ren. Oppskytningsraketter som Ariane 5 sies \u00e5 v\u00e6re \u2018engangsraketter\u2019.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u00c5 kaste en rakett hver gang den skytes opp, virker sl\u00f8sende og kostbart. Kostnadene holdes imidlertid nede ved \u00e5 produsere raketter i serie. De bygges p\u00e5 samleb\u00e5nd \u2013 omtrent som dyre biler.<\/p>\n

Engangsraketter kan ogs\u00e5 bli sv\u00e6rt p\u00e5litelige. Hvis en rakett svikter under oppskytingen, er det ganske enkelt \u00e5 finne ut hva som gikk galt og rette opp feilen.<\/p>\n

Den andre tiln\u00e6rmingen er \u00e5 bygge en gjenbrukbar b\u00e6rerakett. Hittil har den eneste som har v\u00e6rt i bruk v\u00e6rt den amerikanske romfergen.<\/p>\n

De fleste delene av romfergen er konstruert for \u00e5 kunne fly opptil 100 ganger. Romfergens faststoffraketter kan ogs\u00e5 gjenbrukes om n\u00f8dvendig. Det er kun den eksterne drivstofftanken som kastes hver gang.<\/p>\n

Shuttle-fart\u00f8yet er imidlertid sv\u00e6rt kostbart \u00e5 bygge og \u00e5 fly. Dette skyldes hovedsakelig at det er konstruert for \u00e5 frakte opptil syv besetningsmedlemmer. Det m\u00e5 ogs\u00e5 t\u00e5le den ekstreme varmen ved tilbakevending til atmosf\u00e6ren og lande p\u00e5 en rullebane. Det er ikke planlagt noen andre gjenbrukbare b\u00e6reraketter, selv om forskningen p\u00e5 slike fart\u00f8y fortsetter.<\/p>\n

ESA vil se n\u00f8ye p\u00e5 begge alternativene, slik at det til slutt kan tas en beslutning om hvordan Ariane 5 skal erstattes.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Every time Europe\u2019s Ariane 5 lifts off from Kourou, its rocket stages fall into the ocean or burn up in the atmosphere. Launchers such as Ariane 5 are said to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2000\/08\/atmospheric_re-entry_demonstrator_-_artist_s_impression2\/17866009-3-eng-GB\/Atmospheric_Re-entry_Demonstrator_-_artist_s_impression.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Atmospheric Re-entry Demonstrator - artist's impression","esa_banner_credit":"ESA - D.Ducros","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2000\/08\/Atmospheric_Re-entry_Demonstrator_-_artist_s_impression2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,41,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-841","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-rockets-technology","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/841","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=841"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/841\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1984,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/841\/revisions\/1984"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=841"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=841"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=841"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}