{"id":840,"date":"2004-12-02T15:23:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/liftoff_from_south_america\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:52","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:52","slug":"liftoff_from_south_america","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/liftoff_from_south_america\/","title":{"rendered":"Oppskyting fra S\u00f8r-Amerika"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>I de siste 30 \u00e5rene har alle Europas raketter blitt skutt opp fra Kourou i S\u00f8r-Amerika. Hvorfor valgte Europa en romhavn p\u00e5 den andre siden av kloden?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Jakten p\u00e5 et nytt sted begynte p\u00e5 1960-tallet, da Frankrike m\u00e5tte gi opp sin oppskytningsbase i den algeriske \u00f8rkenen.<\/p>\n<p>Det franske romfartsbyr\u00e5et valgte til slutt et sted ved kysten, i utkanten av jungelen i Fransk Guyana. Det nye anlegget l\u00e5 i n\u00e6rheten av en fiskerlandsby ved navn Kourou og ikke langt fra den gamle fengselskolonien p\u00e5 Djevel\u00f8ya.<\/p>\n<p>Kourou l\u00e5 tusenvis av kilometer fra Europa, og alt m\u00e5tte bygges opp fra grunnen av. Stedet hadde imidlertid flere viktige fordeler:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Oppskytningene ville finne sted langt unna store bebygde omr\u00e5der<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Raketter kunne trygt avfyres over det \u00e5pne havet mot \u00f8st og nord<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>brukte rakettrinn ville falle ufarlig ned i havet<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Satellitter kunne lett sendes ut i b\u00e5de polare og ekvatoriale baner.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Europas romhavn ligger ogs\u00e5 sv\u00e6rt n\u00e6r ekvator. Den drar nytte av \u00absling shot\u00bb-effekten som skyldes Jordens raske rotasjon ved ekvator. Dette gir en gratis fart\u00f8kning p\u00e5 1 650 km\/t mot \u00f8st for alle raketter som skytes opp i n\u00e6rheten. Dette reduserer mengden drivstoff de trenger \u00e5 ha med seg og gj\u00f8r det mulig for dem \u00e5 l\u00f8fte tyngre satellitter.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>For the last 30 years, all of Europe\u2019s rockets have been launched from Kourou in South America. Why did Europe choose a spaceport on the other side of the world? 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