{"id":637,"date":"2013-10-16T09:57:00","date_gmt":"2013-10-16T07:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/herschel_esa_s_supercool_heat_seeker\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:30:34","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:30:34","slug":"herschel_esa_s_supercool_heat_seeker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/herschel_esa_s_supercool_heat_seeker\/","title":{"rendered":"Herschel: ESAs superkule varmes\u00f8ker"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Den 14. mai 2009 ble to av de mest f\u00f8lsomme romobservatoriene som noensinne er bygget, skutt opp fra Kourou i Fransk Guyana. Om bord p\u00e5 den europeiske Ariane 5-raketten var Herschel, verdens kraftigste varmes\u00f8kende romteleskop, og Planck, som ble utviklet for \u00e5 studere den svake str\u00e5lingen som fylte universet umiddelbart etter Big Bang.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Alt ved ESAs romobservatorium Herschel var stort. Satellitten var omtrent 7 meter h\u00f8y og 4,3 meter bred, med en masse p\u00e5 3,25 tonn. Teleskopet hadde et hovedspeil med en diameter p\u00e5 3,5 meter, det st\u00f8rste som noensinne er bygget for et vitenskapelig romfart\u00f8y.<\/p>\n<p>Observatoriet ble oppkalt etter en annen vitenskapelig gigant, den tyske amat\u00f8rastronomen og musikeren William Herschel, som oppdaget planeten Uranus i 1781. 19 \u00e5r senere oppdaget han ogs\u00e5 en form for usynlig lys som forskere kaller \u201cinfrar\u00f8d str\u00e5ling\u201d. Vi kaller det ofte bare \u201cvarme\u201d.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1500\" data-credit=\"ESA\/Herschel\/PACS\/SPIRE\/J.Fritz, U.Gent\/XMM-Newton\/EPIC\/W. Pietsch, MPE\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/01\/Andromeda_Galaxy_in_infrared_and_X-rays2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/01\/andromeda_galaxy_in_infrared_and_x-rays2\/17912481-2-eng-GB\/Andromeda_Galaxy_in_infrared_and_X-rays.jpg\" alt=\"Andromeda Galaxy in infrared and X-rays\"><\/figure>\n<p>Herschel-observatoriet ble sendt inn i en spesiell bane 1,5 millioner kilometer unna, langt nok unna til \u00e5 unng\u00e5 at varmen fra Jorden skulle forstyrre observasjonene. Dets tre instrumenter ble kj\u00f8lt ned med flytende helium, slik at temperaturen deres l\u00e5 n\u00e6r det absolutte nullpunktet (-273 \u00b0C).<\/p>\n<p>Herschel ble brukt til \u00e5 studere det \u2018kalde\u2019 universet. Dets superkalde \u2018\u00f8yne\u2019 klarte \u00e5 se gjennom st\u00f8vskyer for \u00e5 studere stjerneformingsomr\u00e5der og galaksesentre, samt oppdage skjulte stjerner og planeter. Den klarte ogs\u00e5 \u00e5 oppspore fjerne galakser for \u00e5 kaste nytt lys over hvordan de ble dannet for milliarder av \u00e5r siden.<\/p>\n<p>Herschels banebrytende vitenskapelige oppdrag ble avsluttet 29. april 2013, da forr\u00e5det av helium som kj\u00f8lemiddel tok slutt. Satellitten ble imidlertid fortsatt brukt til banetester helt til den endelige kommandoen om \u00e5 sl\u00e5 den av ble sendt 17. juni.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On 14 May 2009, two of the most sensitive space observatories ever built were launched from Kourou in French Guiana. On board Europe\u2019s Ariane 5 rocket were Herschel, the world\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/05\/herschel_under_discussion2\/17880624-2-eng-GB\/Herschel_under_discussion.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA - C. Carreau","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/05\/Herschel_under_discussion2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,44,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-spacecraft","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=637"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/637\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4600,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/637\/revisions\/4600"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=637"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/nb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}