{"id":956,"date":"2004-11-19T09:37:00","date_gmt":"2004-11-19T08:37:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/international_flights\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:34:12","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:34:12","slug":"international_flights","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/international_flights\/","title":{"rendered":"Nemzetk\u00f6zi j\u00e1ratok"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Eur\u00f3pa r\u00e9szv\u00e9tele az emberes \u0171rrep\u00fcl\u00e9sben 1969-ben kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt. Miut\u00e1n Neil Armstrong \u00e9s Buzz Aldrin az els\u0151 emberekk\u00e9nt l\u00e9ptek a Holdra, a NASA el kezdett gondolkodni egy \u00fajrafelhaszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 \u0171rsikl\u00f3 meg\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Az eur\u00f3pai orsz\u00e1gok \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6ttek, hogy kifejlesztenek egy \u201eSpacelab\u201d n\u00e9ven ismert tudom\u00e1nyos laborat\u00f3riumot, amely elf\u00e9r a Shuttle rakt\u00e9r\u00e9ben. Cser\u00e9be enged\u00e9lyt kaptak arra, hogy \u0171rhaj\u00f3sokat k\u00fcldjenek a Shuttle-k\u00fcldet\u00e9sekre.<\/p>\n

Ulf Merbold 1983-as, a Spacelab-1-en v\u00e9gzett rep\u00fcl\u00e9se \u00f3ta az eur\u00f3pai \u0171rhaj\u00f3sok 30 alkalommal rep\u00fcltek az amerikai \u0171rsikl\u00f3val. Korai rep\u00fcl\u00e9seik k\u00f6z\u00fcl sok alkalommal az ESA Spacelabj\u00e1t haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k mikrogravit\u00e1ci\u00f3s k\u00eds\u00e9rletekhez. M\u00e1sok a NASA\u2013ESA Hubble \u0170rt\u00e1vcs\u0151 karbantart\u00e1s\u00e1t c\u00e9lz\u00f3 k\u00fcldet\u00e9sekben vettek r\u00e9szt, vagy egyedi tudom\u00e1nyos tev\u00e9kenys\u00e9geket v\u00e9geztek.<\/p>\n

\"Mir\"
Mir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

21 \u0171rrep\u00fcl\u00e9s sor\u00e1n eur\u00f3pai \u0171rhaj\u00f3sok szovjet vagy orosz \u0171rhaj\u00f3kon rep\u00fcltek. A Szaljut \u00e9s a Mir \u0171r\u00e1llom\u00e1sokon tett l\u00e1togat\u00e1sok (1978\u20131999) \u00e9rt\u00e9kes tapasztalatokat ny\u00fajtottak az \u0171rben val\u00f3 hossz\u00fa t\u00e1v\u00fa tart\u00f3zkod\u00e1s megismer\u00e9s\u00e9hez. Thomas Reiter k\u00f6zel hat h\u00f3napot t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt a Miren, \u00e9s \u0151 lett az els\u0151 ESA-\u0171rhaj\u00f3s, aki r\u00e9szt vett \u0171rs\u00e9t\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n

Az elm\u00falt \u00e9vekben az ESA \u0171rhaj\u00f3sai rendszeresen l\u00e1togattak el a Nemzetk\u00f6zi \u0170r\u00e1llom\u00e1sra (ISS). Az \u00e1llom\u00e1son k\u00e9t hossz\u00fa t\u00e1v\u00fa k\u00fcldet\u00e9st hajtottak v\u00e9gre eur\u00f3pai \u0171rhaj\u00f3sok. 2008-ban a francia L\u00e9opold Eyharts k\u00f6zel 49 napot t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt az \u0171rben az ESA Columbus laborat\u00f3rium\u00e1nak dokkol\u00e1sa \u00e9s \u00fczembe helyez\u00e9se c\u00e9lj\u00e1b\u00f3l. 2009-ben a belga Frank De Winne 6 h\u00f3napot t\u00f6lt\u00f6tt az \u0171r\u00e1llom\u00e1son, \u00e9s \u0151 lett az els\u0151 ESA-\u0171rhaj\u00f3s, aki az ISS parancsnoka lett.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Europe’s involvement in human spaceflight began in 1969. After Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became the first humans to walk on the Moon, NASA began to think about building a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2004\/07\/neil_armstrong_on_the_moon2\/17891390-2-eng-GB\/Neil_Armstrong_on_the_Moon.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Neil Armstrong on the Moon","esa_banner_credit":"NASA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2004\/07\/Neil_Armstrong_on_the_Moon2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[28,10,13],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-956","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-astronauts","category-learn","category-life-in-space","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/956","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=956"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/956\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4755,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/956\/revisions\/4755"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=956"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=956"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=956"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=956"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=956"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=956"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=956"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=956"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=956"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=956"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}