{"id":822,"date":"2004-12-02T15:38:00","date_gmt":"2004-12-02T14:38:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/different_orbits\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:40","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:40","slug":"different_orbits","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/different_orbits\/","title":{"rendered":"K\u00fcl\u00f6nb\u00f6z\u0151 p\u00e1ly\u00e1k"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

A p\u00e1lya egy \u00e9gitestnek egy adott t\u00e9rbeli pont k\u00f6r\u00fcl le\u00edrt \u00fatvonala, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a Holdnak a F\u00f6ld k\u00f6r\u00fcl le\u00edrt \u00fatvonala. A p\u00e1ly\u00e1kat a gravit\u00e1ci\u00f3 hat\u00e1rozza meg, \u00e9s gyakran \u2018elliptikusak\u2019, vagyis ov\u00e1lis alak\u00faak.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

Minden m\u0171holdat a k\u00fcldet\u00e9s\u00e9nek v\u00e9grehajt\u00e1s\u00e1hoz legalkalmasabb p\u00e1ly\u00e1ra \u00e1ll\u00edtanak. P\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a F\u00f6ld-megfigyel\u0151 m\u0171holdakat \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban alacsony (400\u20131 200 km) k\u00f6rp\u00e1ly\u00e1ra \u00e1ll\u00edtj\u00e1k. Ez lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi sz\u00e1mukra, hogy n\u00e9h\u00e1ny \u00f3r\u00e1nk\u00e9nt egyszer k\u00f6rbej\u00e1rj\u00e1k a F\u00f6ldet, \u00e9s r\u00e9szletes felv\u00e9teleket k\u00e9sz\u00edtsenek a bolyg\u00f3 felsz\u00edn\u00e9r\u0151l.<\/p>\n

Ezeknek a m\u0171holdaknak a legalkalmasabb p\u00e1ly\u00e1ja a \u201cpol\u00e1ris\u201d p\u00e1lya, amely az \u00c9szaki- \u00e9s a D\u00e9li-sark felett vezet. Mik\u00f6zben a F\u00f6ld alattuk forog, a m\u0171holdak k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl lefel\u00e9 n\u00e9zhetnek, \u00e9s n\u00e9h\u00e1ny nap alatt \u2013 s\u00e1vr\u00f3l s\u00e1vra \u2013 a teljes bolyg\u00f3t felm\u00e9rhetik.<\/p>\n

Az id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1si \u00e9s t\u00e1vk\u00f6zl\u00e9si m\u0171holdak gyakran nap 24 \u00f3r\u00e1j\u00e1ban ugyanazon a f\u00f6ldr\u00e9szen \u201clebegnek\u201d. Ezt az teszi lehet\u0151v\u00e9, hogy k\u00f6rp\u00e1ly\u00e1ra \u00e1ll\u00edtj\u00e1k \u0151ket, k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 36 000 km-re az Egyenl\u00edt\u0151 felett. Ezen a magass\u00e1gon l\u00e9p\u00e9st tartanak a F\u00f6ld forg\u00e1s\u00e1val, \u00edgy mindig ugyanazokat a helyeket figyelik. Ezt \u201cgeostacion\u00e1rius p\u00e1ly\u00e1nak\u201d nevezik. Egyes m\u0171holdak \u2013 k\u00f6zt\u00fck a Nemzetk\u00f6zi \u0170r\u00e1llom\u00e1s \u2013 alacsony p\u00e1ly\u00e1n keringenek, amelyek az Egyenl\u00edt\u0151h\u00f6z k\u00e9pest ferde (d\u0151lt) sz\u00f6gben helyezkednek el.<\/p>\n

Sz\u00e1mos tudom\u00e1nyos m\u0171hold, p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul az ESA Cluster \u00e9s XMM-Newton m\u0171holdjai, nagyon elliptikus (toj\u00e1s alak\u00fa) p\u00e1ly\u00e1kon keringenek, amelyek sor\u00e1n egyszerre k\u00f6zel ker\u00fclnek a F\u00f6ldh\u00f6z, majd ism\u00e9t messzire t\u00e1volodnak t\u0151le.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

An orbit is the path of an object around a particular point in space, for example the path the Moon takes around the Earth. Orbits are determined by gravity, and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2001\/05\/some_popular_orbits3\/17864898-3-eng-GB\/Some_popular_orbits.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Some popular orbits","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2001\/05\/Some_popular_orbits3","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,65,40],"tags":[2],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-822","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-mission-control","category-technology","tag-background-article"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=822"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1965,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/822\/revisions\/1965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=822"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=822"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=822"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}