{"id":795,"date":"2011-07-19T08:15:00","date_gmt":"2011-07-19T06:15:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/shuttle_era_ends_after_30_years\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:20","slug":"shuttle_era_ends_after_30_years","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/shuttle_era_ends_after_30_years\/","title":{"rendered":"30 \u00e9v ut\u00e1n v\u00e9get \u00e9r a Shuttle-korszak"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>A 135., egyben utols\u00f3 \u0171rsikl\u00f3-k\u00fcldet\u00e9s j\u00falius 8-\u00e1n indult Florid\u00e1b\u00f3l, \u00e9s n\u00e9gy \u0171rhaj\u00f3st sz\u00e1ll\u00edtott a Nemzetk\u00f6zi \u0170r\u00e1llom\u00e1sra (ISS). T\u00f6bb mint 750 000 ember n\u00e9zte v\u00e9gig a t\u00f6rt\u00e9nelmi k\u00fcldet\u00e9s indul\u00e1s\u00e1t. Az Atlantis visszat\u00e9r\u00e9se ut\u00e1n a vil\u00e1g egyetlen \u00fajrafelhaszn\u00e1lhat\u00f3 \u0171rhaj\u00f3j\u00e1t m\u00fazeumokba sz\u00e1ll\u00edtj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>A Shuttle-korszak kezdet\u00e9t\u0151l sz\u00e1m\u00edtott 30 \u00e9v eltelt\u00e9vel az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok m\u00e1r nem lesz k\u00e9pes \u0171rhaj\u00f3sait az \u0171rbe juttatni. T\u00f6bb mag\u00e1nv\u00e1llalat is megkezdte olyan kapszul\u00e1k \u00e9s rak\u00e9t\u00e1k fejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9t, amelyek k\u00e9pesek lesznek leg\u00e9nys\u00e9get sz\u00e1ll\u00edtani az ISS-re. Ezek azonban val\u00f3sz\u00edn\u0171leg legkor\u00e1bban 2015-ben v\u00e1lnak \u00fczemk\u00e9pess\u00e9. Hosszabb t\u00e1vlatokban az USA egy \u00faj, nagy teljes\u00edtm\u00e9ny\u0171 rak\u00e9ta \u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9t tervezi, amely k\u00e9pes lesz nagy, leg\u00e9nys\u00e9ggel ell\u00e1tott \u0171rhaj\u00f3t sz\u00e1ll\u00edtani az ISS-re \u00e9s azon t\u00falra \u2013 hasonl\u00f3an az Apollo \u0171rhaj\u00f3hoz, amely az embereket a Holdra vitte.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"2333\" data-credit=\"ESA - S. Corvaja, 2011\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/05\/Soyuz2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/05\/soyuz2\/17885101-2-eng-GB\/Soyuz.jpg\" alt=\"Soyuz\"><figcaption>Szojuz<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Ek\u00f6zben az Egyes\u00fclt \u00c1llamok, Eur\u00f3pa \u00e9s a legt\u00f6bb m\u00e1s orsz\u00e1g az orosz Szojuz \u0171rhaj\u00f3ra fog t\u00e1maszkodni az \u0171rhaj\u00f3sok \u0171r\u00e1llom\u00e1sra val\u00f3 eljuttat\u00e1s\u00e1hoz \u00e9s onnan val\u00f3 visszahoz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz. A Szojuz 1967-ben hajtotta v\u00e9gre els\u0151 rep\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9t. Az\u00f3ta t\u00f6bbsz\u00f6r is korszer\u0171s\u00edtett\u00e9k, de az \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos kialak\u00edt\u00e1sa tov\u00e1bbra is ugyanaz maradt.<\/p>\n<p>A kazahszt\u00e1ni Bajkonur \u0171rkik\u00f6t\u0151b\u0151l t\u00f6rt\u00e9n\u0151 ind\u00edt\u00e1s sor\u00e1n a h\u00e1romf\u0151s leg\u00e9nys\u00e9g egy kis kabinban \u00fcl. A p\u00e1ly\u00e1ra \u00e1ll\u00e1s ut\u00e1n \u00e1tk\u00f6lt\u00f6zhetnek egy m\u00e1sodik modulba. A h\u00e1ts\u00f3 r\u00e9sz\u00e9n tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 szolg\u00e1ltat\u00f3 modulban tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a f\u0151hajt\u00f3m\u0171, az ir\u00e1ny\u00edt\u00f3 rendszerek \u00e9s az oxig\u00e9nell\u00e1t\u00f3 rendszer. Csak a leg\u00e9nys\u00e9gi kabin t\u00e9r vissza a F\u00f6ldre, egy nagy ejt\u0151erny\u0151 alatt l\u00f3gva.<\/p>\n<p>Az egyetlen m\u00e1sik orsz\u00e1g, amely k\u00e9pes embereket az \u0171rbe juttatni, K\u00edna. A k\u00ednai Shenzhou \u0171rhaj\u00f3 \u2013 amely kialak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban nagyon hasonl\u00edt a Szojuzra \u2013 fejleszt\u00e9se az 1990-es \u00e9vekben kezd\u0151d\u00f6tt. Az\u00f3ta k\u00ednai leg\u00e9nys\u00e9gek h\u00e1rom alkalommal rep\u00fcltek a F\u00f6ld k\u00f6r\u00fcli p\u00e1ly\u00e1ra. Az \u00e9v k\u00e9s\u0151bbi r\u00e9sz\u00e9ben v\u00e1rhat\u00f3an egy Shenzhou dokkol majd egy \u00faj, Tiangong n\u00e9vre keresztelt, pil\u00f3ta n\u00e9lk\u00fcli modulhoz. Hosszabb t\u00e1vlatokban n\u00e9zve India \u00e9s Ir\u00e1n is tervezi, hogy \u0171rhatalomm\u00e1 v\u00e1ljon.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The 135th and final Shuttle mission blasted off from Florida on 8 July, carrying four astronauts to the International Space Station (ISS). More than 750,000 people watched the start of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/07\/last_space_shuttle_mission_launch6\/17906126-2-eng-GB\/Last_Space_Shuttle_mission_launch.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Last Space Shuttle mission launch","esa_banner_credit":"NASA\/Fletcher Hildreth","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/07\/Last_Space_Shuttle_mission_launch6","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-795","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-news"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/795","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=795"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/795\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4689,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/795\/revisions\/4689"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=795"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=795"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=795"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=795"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=795"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=795"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=795"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=795"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=795"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=795"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}