{"id":781,"date":"2011-07-27T12:48:00","date_gmt":"2011-07-27T10:48:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/pioneering_satellite_reaches_retirement\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:32:11","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:32:11","slug":"pioneering_satellite_reaches_retirement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/pioneering_satellite_reaches_retirement\/","title":{"rendered":"Az \u00fatt\u00f6r\u0151 m\u0171hold nyugd\u00edjba vonul"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>Az ESA egyik legr\u00e9gebbi, m\u00e9g m\u0171k\u00f6d\u0151 m\u0171holdj\u00e1t hamarosan kivonj\u00e1k a forgalomb\u00f3l, miut\u00e1n k\u00f6zel 85 000-szer ker\u00fclte meg a F\u00f6ldet, \u00e9s mintegy 3,8 milli\u00e1rd km-t tett meg. A m\u00e1sodik Eur\u00f3pai T\u00e1v\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151 (ERS-2) m\u0171holdat 1995-ben ind\u00edtott\u00e1k \u00fatj\u00e1ra. Most az ESA \u00fagy d\u00f6nt\u00f6tt, hogy kivonja a forgalomb\u00f3l, miel\u0151tt m\u00e9g m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9sk\u00e9ptelenn\u00e9 v\u00e1lna, \u00e9s vesz\u00e9lyt jelentene m\u00e1s \u0171reszk\u00f6z\u00f6kre.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>J\u00falius 6-t\u00f3l kezd\u0151d\u0151en egy sor hajt\u00f3m\u0171-bekapcsol\u00e1s r\u00e9v\u00e9n a m\u0171hold p\u00e1ly\u00e1ja fokozatosan 800 km-r\u0151l k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 550 km-re cs\u00f6kken, ahol m\u00e1r csek\u00e9ly a kock\u00e1zata annak, hogy m\u00e1s m\u0171holdakkal \u00fctk\u00f6zzen. Az ERS-2 nem v\u00e1lik \u0171rszem\u00e9tt\u00e9, hanem v\u00e9g\u00fcl bel\u00e9p a F\u00f6ld l\u00e9gk\u00f6r\u00e9be, \u00e9s ott el\u00e9g.<\/p>\n<p>Az ERS-1 (amely 1991 \u00e9s 2000 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00f6tt) \u00e9s testv\u00e9rm\u0171ve hossz\u00fa \u00e9s kiemelked\u0151 p\u00e1lyafut\u00e1st tudhat maga m\u00f6g\u00f6tt. Egy\u00fcttesen 20 \u00e9ven \u00e1t folyamatos adat\u00e1ramot szolg\u00e1ltattak, forradalmas\u00edtva a F\u00f6ld l\u00e9gk\u00f6r\u00e9nek, sz\u00e1razf\u00f6ldj\u00e9nek, \u00f3ce\u00e1njainak \u00e9s sarki j\u00e9gtakar\u00f3j\u00e1nak kutat\u00e1s\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"ESA\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2005\/04\/ERS-2_satellite_and_applications2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2005\/04\/ers-2_satellite_and_applications2\/17882473-2-eng-GB\/ERS-2_satellite_and_applications.jpg\" alt=\"ERS-2 satellite and applications\"><figcaption>Az ERS-2 m\u0171hold \u00e9s alkalmaz\u00e1sai<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>M\u0171szereik k\u00f6z\u00f6tt szerepelt az els\u0151 nem katonai c\u00e9l\u00fa \u0171bradar is. Ez a radar b\u00e1rmilyen id\u0151j\u00e1r\u00e1si k\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00e9nyek k\u00f6z\u00f6tt, nappal \u00e9s \u00e9jjel egyar\u00e1nt k\u00e9pes volt megfigyelni a felsz\u00ednt, \u00edgy nyomon k\u00f6vethette a talaj mozg\u00e1s\u00e1t s\u00falyos f\u00f6ldreng\u00e9sek vagy vulk\u00e1nkit\u00f6r\u00e9sek sor\u00e1n. Emellett a felsz\u00edn magass\u00e1g\u00e1t is felt\u00e9rk\u00e9pezni tudta.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1s m\u0171szerek a glob\u00e1lis tengeri felsz\u00edni h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kletet \u00e9s a tengerszint v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1sait m\u00e9rt\u00e9k, amelyek fontos inform\u00e1ci\u00f3kat ny\u00fajtanak az \u00e9ghajlatv\u00e1ltoz\u00e1st kutat\u00f3 tud\u00f3sok sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra. Az ERS-2 egy m\u00e1sik kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa k\u00eds\u00e9rlete az Antarktisz feletti \u00f3zonr\u00e9tegben tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 hatalmas lyuk m\u00e9ret\u00e9nek \u00e9s elhelyezked\u00e9s\u00e9nek v\u00e1ltoz\u00e1s\u00e1t figyelte.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f6bb ezer kutat\u00e1si projekt \u00e9s tudom\u00e1nyos cikk alapult az ERS adataira. Az \u00e1ltaluk visszak\u00fcld\u00f6tt inform\u00e1ci\u00f3k hozz\u00e1j\u00e1rultak ahhoz, hogy jobban meg\u00e9rts\u00fck a F\u00f6ld m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t. A m\u0171holdakon elhelyezett m\u0171szerek tov\u00e1bbfejlesztett v\u00e1ltozatai pedig olyan \u0171rmisszi\u00f3kban ker\u00fclnek bevet\u00e9sre, mint az ESA Envisat, az Earth Explorers \u00e9s a Sentinel programok.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>One of ESA\u2019s oldest working satellites is about to be retired, after orbiting Earth almost 85,000 times and travelling some 3.8 billion km. The second European Remote Sensing (ERS-2) satellite [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/07\/ers-2_satellite2\/17883510-2-eng-GB\/ERS-2_satellite.jpg","esa_banner_description":"ERS-2 satellite","esa_banner_credit":"ESA","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/07\/ERS-2_satellite2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[42,10,66],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-781","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-earth","category-learn","category-water-world"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/781","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=781"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/781\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4679,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/781\/revisions\/4679"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=781"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=781"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=781"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}