{"id":714,"date":"2012-11-07T10:12:00","date_gmt":"2012-11-07T09:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/from_rocket_fuel_to_clean_cars\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:31:27","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:31:27","slug":"from_rocket_fuel_to_clean_cars","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/from_rocket_fuel_to_clean_cars\/","title":{"rendered":"A rak\u00e9tahajt\u00f3anyagt\u00f3l a k\u00f6rnyezetbar\u00e1t aut\u00f3kig"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>A hidrog\u00e9n, az \u00f6sszes g\u00e1z k\u00f6z\u00fcl a legk\u00f6nnyebb, az Univerzum leggyakoribb eleme. Oxig\u00e9n jelenl\u00e9t\u00e9ben rendk\u00edv\u00fcl k\u00f6nnyen meggyullad. Az eur\u00f3pai Ariane 5 hordoz\u00f3rak\u00e9t\u00e1kban haszn\u00e1lt hidrog\u00e9n kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 rak\u00e9ta\u00fczemanyag, de t\u00e1rol\u00e1sa nagyon neh\u00e9z. Kett\u0151s fal\u00fa tart\u00e1lyokban, nagyon alacsony h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9kleten kell t\u00e1rolni, majd szorosan lez\u00e1rt cs\u00f6veken kereszt\u00fcl kell a rak\u00e9tamotorokba juttatni.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Egy osztr\u00e1k v\u00e1llalat leg\u00fajabb fejleszt\u00e9sei arra utalnak, hogy a hidrog\u00e9n a j\u00f6v\u0151beli k\u00f6z\u00fati k\u00f6zleked\u00e9s prefer\u00e1lt \u00fczemanyag\u00e1v\u00e1 is v\u00e1lhat, megoldva ezzel a k\u00f6rnyezetbar\u00e1t aut\u00f3k kifejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9nek probl\u00e9m\u00e1j\u00e1t. A n\u00e9met BMW aut\u00f3gy\u00e1rt\u00f3val egy\u00fcttm\u0171k\u00f6dve ez a v\u00e1llalat rak\u00e9tatechnik\u00e1t alkalmazott olyan hidrog\u00e9nt\u00e1rol\u00f3 tart\u00e1lyok kifejleszt\u00e9s\u00e9re, amelyek el\u00e9g kicsik ahhoz, hogy egy szed\u00e1n csomagtart\u00f3j\u00e1ba bef\u00e9rjenek. Ez 2007-ben egy sorozatgy\u00e1rt\u00e1s\u00fa aut\u00f3, a BMW Hydrogen 7 megjelen\u00e9s\u00e9hez vezetett, amely hidrog\u00e9nnel vagy benzinnel egyar\u00e1nt \u00fczemelhet. L\u00e9nyeg\u00e9ben az aut\u00f3 egyetlen kibocs\u00e1t\u00e1sa a \u00e1rtalmatlan v\u00edzg\u0151z!<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-natural\" data-width=\"400\" data-credit=\"Magna Steyr Aerospace\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/10\/Hydrogen_car_fuel_tank2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/10\/hydrogen_car_fuel_tank2\/18250360-2-eng-GB\/Hydrogen_car_fuel_tank.jpg\" alt=\"Hydrogen car fuel tank\"><figcaption>Hidrog\u00e9n\u00fczem\u0171 aut\u00f3 \u00fczemanyagtart\u00e1lya<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Az egyik legnagyobb kih\u00edv\u00e1s az \u00fczemanyagtart\u00e1ly megtervez\u00e9se volt. Ahhoz, hogy foly\u00e9kony \u00e1llapotban t\u00e1rolhat\u00f3 legyen, a hidrog\u00e9nt \u2013253 \u00b0C-on kell tartani. A folyamatos h\u0171t\u00e9s helyett a BMW Hydrogen 7 modellek 114 liter foly\u00e9kony hidrog\u00e9nt t\u00e1rolnak kiv\u00e1l\u00f3 h\u0151szigetel\u00e9s\u0171 tart\u00e1lyokban. A tart\u00e1lyok szigetel\u00e9se \u2013 amely egy 17 m vastag polisztirolr\u00e9tegnek felel meg \u2013 k\u00f6zel k\u00e9t h\u00e9tig k\u00e9pes hidegen tartani a hidrog\u00e9nt.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e9g n\u00e9h\u00e1ny probl\u00e9m\u00e1t meg kell oldani, miel\u0151tt a hidrog\u00e9n\u00fczem\u0171 aut\u00f3k mindennaposs\u00e1 v\u00e1ln\u00e1nak. Az egyik az \u00fczemanyagt\u00f6lt\u0151 \u00e1llom\u00e1sok hi\u00e1nya. A m\u00e1sik a foly\u00e9kony hidrog\u00e9n vesztes\u00e9ge, amely felmelegedve lassan elp\u00e1rolog g\u00e1z form\u00e1j\u00e1ban. Ha p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul egy sof\u0151r k\u00e9t h\u00e9tre a rep\u00fcl\u0151t\u00e9ren hagyja az aut\u00f3j\u00e1t, \u00fcres \u00fczemanyagtart\u00e1llyal t\u00e9rne vissza. Ugyanakkor egy\u00e9rtelm\u0171 jelek utalnak arra, hogy a hidrog\u00e9nnel hajtott, k\u00f6rnyezetbar\u00e1t aut\u00f3k jelentik a szennyez\u00e9smentes aut\u00f3z\u00e1s j\u00f6v\u0151j\u00e9t.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hydrogen, the lightest of all gases, is the most common element in the Universe. It is extremely easy to burn, if oxygen is present. Used in Europe\u2019s Ariane 5 launchers, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2012\/10\/liquid_hydrogen-powered_combustion_engine2\/17879995-2-eng-GB\/Liquid_hydrogen-powered_combustion_engine.jpg","esa_banner_description":"Liquid hydrogen-powered combustion engine","esa_banner_credit":"BMW\/Magna Steyr Aerospace","esa_banner_licence":"ESA Standard Licence","esa_banner_detail_url":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2012\/10\/Liquid_hydrogen-powered_combustion_engine2","esa_external_url":"","esa_external_new_window":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true},"categories":[10,54,40],"tags":[],"panel":[],"language":[],"age":[],"duration":[],"resource_type":[],"audience":[],"wf_post_folders":[],"class_list":["post-714","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-learn","category-space-technologies-on-earth","category-technology"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/5"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=714"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4644,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/714\/revisions\/4644"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=714"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"panel","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/panel?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"language","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/language?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"age","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/age?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"duration","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/duration?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"resource_type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/resource_type?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"audience","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/audience?post=714"},{"taxonomy":"wf_post_folders","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wf_post_folders?post=714"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}