{"id":637,"date":"2013-10-16T09:57:00","date_gmt":"2013-10-16T07:57:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/herschel_esa_s_supercool_heat_seeker\/"},"modified":"2026-10-08T00:30:34","modified_gmt":"2026-10-07T22:30:34","slug":"herschel_esa_s_supercool_heat_seeker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kids.esa.int\/hu\/herschel_esa_s_supercool_heat_seeker\/","title":{"rendered":"Herschel: az ESA szuperhideg h\u0151\u00e9rz\u00e9kel\u0151je"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"lede\">\n<p>2009. m\u00e1jus 14-\u00e9n a valaha \u00e9p\u00edtett leg\u00e9rz\u00e9kenyebb \u0171robszervat\u00f3riumok k\u00f6z\u00fcl kett\u0151t ind\u00edtottak \u00fatj\u00e1ra Kourou-b\u00f3l, Francia Guyan\u00e1b\u00f3l. Az eur\u00f3pai Ariane 5 rak\u00e9t\u00e1n a Herschel, a vil\u00e1g leger\u0151sebb h\u0151\u00e9rz\u00e9keny \u0171rt\u00e1vcs\u00f6ve, valamint a Planck utazott, amelyet arra terveztek, hogy tanulm\u00e1nyozza az \u0170rt k\u00f6zvetlen\u00fcl az \u0170rrobban\u00e1s ut\u00e1n bet\u00f6lt\u0151 halv\u00e1ny sug\u00e1rz\u00e1st.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Az ESA Herschel \u0171robszervat\u00f3rium\u00e1val kapcsolatban minden hatalmas volt. A m\u0171hold magass\u00e1ga k\u00f6r\u00fclbel\u00fcl 7 m\u00e9ter, sz\u00e9less\u00e9ge 4,3 m\u00e9ter volt, t\u00f6mege pedig 3,25 tonna. T\u00e1vcs\u00f6v\u00e9nek f\u0151t\u00fckre \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151je 3,5 m\u00e9ter volt, ami a tudom\u00e1nyos c\u00e9l\u00fa \u0171reszk\u00f6z\u00f6kh\u00f6z valaha \u00e9p\u00edtett legnagyobb f\u0151t\u00fck\u00f6r.<\/p>\n<p>A csillagvizsg\u00e1l\u00f3t egy m\u00e1sik tudom\u00e1nyos \u00f3ri\u00e1sr\u00f3l, a n\u00e9met amat\u0151r csillag\u00e1szr\u00f3l \u00e9s zen\u00e9szr\u0151l, William Herschelr\u0151l nevezt\u00e9k el, aki 1781-ben fedezte fel az Ur\u00e1nusz bolyg\u00f3t. 19 \u00e9vvel k\u00e9s\u0151bb \u0151 fedezte fel azt a l\u00e1thatatlan f\u00e9nyt is, amelyet a tud\u00f3sok \u201cinfrav\u00f6r\u00f6s sug\u00e1rz\u00e1snak\u201d neveznek. Mi gyakran egyszer\u0171en csak \u201ch\u0151nek\u201d h\u00edvjuk.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\" data-width=\"1500\" data-credit=\"ESA\/Herschel\/PACS\/SPIRE\/J.Fritz, U.Gent\/XMM-Newton\/EPIC\/W. Pietsch, MPE\" data-detail-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Images\/2011\/01\/Andromeda_Galaxy_in_infrared_and_X-rays2\" data-licence=\"ESA Standard Licence\" data-licence-url=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/ESA_Multimedia\/Terms_and_conditions_of_use_of_images_and_videos_available_on_the_esa_website\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" style=\"max-width:100%;height:auto\" src=\"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/01\/andromeda_galaxy_in_infrared_and_x-rays2\/17912481-2-eng-GB\/Andromeda_Galaxy_in_infrared_and_X-rays.jpg\" alt=\"Andromeda Galaxy in infrared and X-rays\"><\/figure>\n<p>A Herschel \u0171robszervat\u00f3riumot egy speci\u00e1lis p\u00e1ly\u00e1ra \u00e1ll\u00edtott\u00e1k, 1,5 milli\u00f3 kilom\u00e9terre a F\u00f6ldt\u0151l, ami el\u00e9g t\u00e1vol van ahhoz, hogy elker\u00fclj\u00e9k a F\u00f6ldr\u0151l \u00e9rkez\u0151 h\u0151 \u00e1ltal okozott, a megfigyel\u00e9seket zavar\u00f3 probl\u00e9m\u00e1kat. H\u00e1rom m\u0171szer\u00e9t foly\u00e9kony h\u00e9liummal h\u0171t\u00f6tt\u00e9k, \u00edgy h\u0151m\u00e9rs\u00e9klet\u00fck az abszol\u00fat nulla (-273 \u00b0C) k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben volt.<\/p>\n<p>A Herschel-t a \u2018hideg\u2019 vil\u00e1gegyetem kutat\u00e1s\u00e1ra haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k. Rendk\u00edv\u00fcl hideg \u2018szemei\u2019 k\u00e9pesek voltak \u00e1tl\u00e1tni a porfelh\u0151k\u00f6n, \u00edgy tanulm\u00e1nyozni tudt\u00e1k a csillagkeletkez\u00e9si ter\u00fcleteket \u00e9s a galaxisok k\u00f6zpontjait, valamint felfedezni rejtett csillagokat \u00e9s bolyg\u00f3kat. Emellett t\u00e1voli galaxisokat is felkutathatott, hogy \u00faj megvil\u00e1g\u00edt\u00e1sba helyezze azok kialakul\u00e1s\u00e1t, amely milli\u00e1rd \u00e9vvel ezel\u0151tt t\u00f6rt\u00e9nt.<\/p>\n<p>A Herschel \u00fatt\u00f6r\u0151 tudom\u00e1nyos k\u00fcldet\u00e9se 2013. \u00e1prilis 29-\u00e9n \u00e9rt v\u00e9get, amikor elfogyott a h\u00e9lium-h\u0171t\u0151folyad\u00e9k-k\u00e9szlete. A m\u0171holdat azonban tov\u00e1bbra is p\u00e1lyatesztekhez haszn\u00e1lt\u00e1k, eg\u00e9szen addig, am\u00edg j\u00fanius 17-\u00e9n meg nem \u00e9rkezett a v\u00e9gleges le\u00e1ll\u00edt\u00e1si parancs.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On 14 May 2009, two of the most sensitive space observatories ever built were launched from Kourou in French Guiana. On board Europe\u2019s Ariane 5 rocket were Herschel, the world\u2019s [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"esa_banner_image":"https:\/\/www.esa.int\/var\/esa\/storage\/images\/esa_multimedia\/images\/2011\/05\/herschel_under_discussion2\/17880624-2-eng-GB\/Herschel_under_discussion.jpg","esa_banner_description":"","esa_banner_credit":"ESA - C. 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